基于arduino的超声波避障源码 -

int Echo = A1; // Echo回声脚(P2.0)
int Trig =A0; // Trig 触发脚(P2.1)
int Distance = 0;
int Left_motor_go=8; //左电机前进(IN1)
int Left_motor_back=9; //左电机后退(IN2)
int Right_motor_go=10; // 右电机前进(IN3)
int Right_motor_back=11; // 右电机后退(IN4)
int key=A2;//定义按键 A2 接口
int beep=A3;//定义蜂鸣器 A3 接口
void setup()
{
pinMode(Left_motor_go,OUTPUT); // PIN 8 (PWM)
pinMode(Left_motor_back,OUTPUT); // PIN 9 (PWM)
pinMode(Right_motor_go,OUTPUT);// PIN 10 (PWM)
pinMode(Right_motor_back,OUTPUT);// PIN 11 (PWM)
pinMode(key,INPUT);//定义按键接口为输入接口
pinMode(beep,OUTPUT);
pinMode(Echo, INPUT); // 定义超声波输入脚
pinMode(Trig, OUTPUT); // 定义超声波输出脚
}
//=======================智能小车的基本动作=========================
//void run(int time) // 前进
void run() // 前进
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,150);//0~255调速，左右轮差异略增减
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); // 左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);//PWM比例0~255调速，左右轮差异略增减
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,150);
//delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void brake(int time) //刹车，停车
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW);
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
delay(time * 100);//执行时间，可以调整
}
//void left(int time) //左转(左轮不动，右轮前进)
void left() //左转(左轮不动，右轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,150);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
//delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void spin_left(int time) //左转(左轮后退，右轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,150);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,150);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void right(int time)
//void right() //右转(右轮不动，左轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);//左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,150);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void spin_right(int time) //右转(右轮后退，左轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,150);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);//左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,150);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void back(int time) //后退
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右轮后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,150);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,150);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
//==========================================================
void keysacn()//按键扫描
{
int val;
val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val
while(!digitalRead(key))//当按键没被按下时，一直循环
{
val=digitalRead(key);//此句可省略，可让循环跑空
}
while(digitalRead(key))//当按键被按下时
{
delay(10); //延时10ms
val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val
if(val==HIGH) //第二次判断按键是否被按下
{
digitalWrite(beep,HIGH); //蜂鸣器响
while(!digitalRead(key)) //判断按键是否被松开
digitalWrite(beep,LOW); //蜂鸣器停止
}
else
digitalWrite(beep,LOW); //蜂鸣器停止
}
}
void Distance_test() // 量出前方距离
{
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); // 给触发脚低电平2μs
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH); // 给触发脚高电平10μs，这里至少是10μs
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); // 持续给触发脚低电
float Fdistance = pulseIn(Echo, HIGH); // 读取高电平时间(单位：微秒)
Fdistance= Fdistance/58; //为什么除以58等于厘米， Y米=（X秒*344）/2
// X秒=（ 2*Y米）/344 ==》X秒=0.0058*Y米 ==》厘米=微秒/58
Distance = Fdistance;
}
void loop()
{
keysacn(); //调用按键扫描函数
while(1)
{
Distance_test();//测量前方距离
if(Distance < 30)//数值为碰到障碍物的距离，可以按实际情况设置
while(Distance < 30)//再次判断是否有障碍物，若有则转动方向后，继续判断
{
back(2);
spin_right(1);//右转
digitalWrite(beep,HIGH); //蜂鸣器响
Distance_test();//测量前方距离
}
else
{
run();//无障碍物，直行
digitalWrite(beep,LOW);
}
}
}

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