一个简易的51单片机按键密码锁设计 -

标题: 一个简易的51单片机按键密码锁设计 [打印本页]

作者: 会飞的C51 时间: 2021-7-17 14:24
标题: 一个简易的51单片机按键密码锁设计
本功能中用51单片机做控制核心，实现的功能是键盘输入数值，用一块液晶显示屏同时显示一些提示字符，比如“welcome go home”、“the num is right”等，这个密码锁设计目前已经处于淘汰的边缘，但是对于初学者来说算是一次比较复杂的设计尝试，该设计中使用了矩阵键盘，液晶屏，继电器等模块，初始设计的密码位数是3位，若想增加位数只需对程序中的初始密码进行修改，同时更改主函数中的判定位数即可。最高支持16位密码。密码输入正确继电器动作，同时LED灯会闪烁3次。主要装配的电路图如下所示：LED和继电器未标出，应连接P0.3和P0.4

仿真（版本8.11）

实物搭建

程序代码：
#include <reg52.h>  //方便观看，1602未使用库函数调用
#include <stdio.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define KeyPort P1
#define DataPort P0
sbit RS = P2^2;
sbit RW = P2^1;
sbit EN = P2^0;
sbit BEEP = P0^4;
sbit CON = P0^3;
uchar code password[]={3,3,3};初始密码，若位数更改，主函数中对应位数也要修改
void DelayUs2x(uchar t)
{
while(--t);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
延时函数，若精确延时请使用汇编修改
------------------------------------------------*/
void DelayMs(uchar t)
{

while(t--)
{
   DelayUs2x(245);
      DelayUs2x(245);
}
}
/*------------------------------------------------
            LCD1602写指令
------------------------------------------------*/
void write_com(uchar com)
{
      RS=0;
      RW=0;
      DataPort = com;
      EN=1;
      DelayMs(1);
      EN=0;
}
/*------------------------------------------------
            LCD1602写数据
------------------------------------------------*/
void write_data(uchar dat)
{
      RS=1;
      RW=0;
      DataPort = dat;
      EN=1;
      DelayMs(1);
      EN=0;
}
/*------------------------------------------------
         清屏
------------------------------------------------*/
void clear(void)
{
      write_com(0x01);
      DelayMs(5);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
               LCD1602写字符
------------------------------------------------*/
void write_char(uchar x,uchar y,uchar Data)
{
      if (y == 0)
      {
            write_com(0x80 + x);
      }
      else
      {
            write_com(0xC0 + x);
      }
      write_data(Data);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
            LCD1602写字符串
------------------------------------------------*/
void write_string(uchar x,uchar y,uchar *s)
{
      while (*s)
      {
            write_char(x,y,*s);
            s++;
            x++;
      }
}

/*------------------------------------------------
            LCD1602初始化
------------------------------------------------*/
void LCD_Init(void)
{
write_com(0x38);
write_com(0x08);
write_com(0x01);
write_com(0x06);
write_com(0x0C);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
      行扫描法，返回对应键值
------------------------------------------------*/
uchar KeyScan(void)
{
      uchar cord_h,cord_l;
      KeyPort=0x0f;
      cord_h=KeyPort&0x0f;
      if(cord_h!=0x0f)
      {
            DelayMs(10);
            if((KeyPort&0x0f)!=0x0f)
            {
                     cord_h=KeyPort&0x0f;
                     KeyPort=cord_h|0xf0;
                     cord_l=KeyPort&0xf0;
                     while((KeyPort&0xf0)!=0xf0);
                     return(cord_h+cord_l);
            }
  }
      return(0xff);
}
/*----------------------------------------------
按键处理函数，返回对应数值
------------------------------------------------*/
uchar KeyPro(void)
{
      switch(KeyScan())
      {
            case 0x7e:return 0;break;                      //0  7E //此处对应矩阵键盘相对值
            case 0xbe:return 1;break;                      //1       7D
            case 0xde:return 2;break;                      //2       7B
            case 0xee:return 3;break;                      //3       77
            case 0x7d:return 4;break;                      //4       BE
            case 0xbd:return 5;break;                      //5       BD
            case 0xdd:return 6;break;                      //6       BB
            case 0xed:return 7;break;                      //7       B7
            case 0x7b:return 8;break;                      //8       DE
            case 0xbb:return 9;break;                      //9       DD
            case 0xdb:return 10;break;             //a       DB
            case 0xeb:return 11;break;             //b       D7
            case 0x77:return 12;break;             //c       EE
            case 0xb7:return 13;break;             //d       ED
            case 0xd7:return 14;break;             //e       EB
            case 0xe7:return 15;break;             //f       E7
            default:return 0xff;break;
      }
}
void main()
{
      uchar num,i,j;
      uchar passwordtemp[3];
      uchar inputtimes;
      uchar passwordlength,PLEN;
      bit Flag;
      PLEN=sizeof(password)/sizeof(password[0]);
      LCD_Init();
      //DelayMs(10);
      clear();
      BEEP=0;
      CON=0;
      write_string(0,0,"  Welcome! ");
      write_string(0,1,"Input password:");
      while(1)
  {
            num=KeyPro();
            if(num!=0xff)
            {
                     if(i==0)
                     write_string(0,1,"             ");
                     if(i<3)//若初始密码位数更改，此处对应的判定位数也要修改，要和前面的定义一致
                     {
                              passwordtemp[ i]=num;
                              write_string(0,0," Your nm is:  ");
                              write_char(i,1,'*');
                     }
                     i++;
                     if(15==num) //键盘上的15号按键对应确定按钮
                     {
                              passwordlength=i-1;
                              i=0;
                              if(passwordlength==PLEN)
                              {
                                    Flag=1;
                                    for(j=0;j<PLEN;j++)
            {
                                             Flag=Flag&&(passwordtemp[j]==password[j]);
                                    }
      }
                              if(Flag)
                              {
                                    CON = 1;
                                    BEEP=1;
                                    write_string(0,0,"             ");
                                    write_string(0,0," Welcome home! ");
                                    write_string(0,1,"             ");
                                    write_string(0,1,"Right Open!>>>>");
                                    BEEP=1;DelayMs(2000);
                                    BEEP=0;DelayMs(2000);
                                    BEEP=1;DelayMs(2000);
                                    BEEP=0;DelayMs(2000);
                                    BEEP=1;DelayMs(2000);
                                    BEEP=0;DelayMs(2000);
                                    inputtimes=0;
                                    Flag=0;
                              }
                              else
                              {
                                    BEEP=0;
                                    CON = 0;
                                    write_string(0,1,"             ");
                                    write_string(0,1,"Password Error! ");
                                    inputtimes++;
                                    if(inputtimes==3)
                                    {
                                             write_string(0,0,"             ");
                                             write_string(0,0,"Wrong 3 times!");
                                             write_string(0,1,"             ")
                                             write_string(0,1,"Door is Locked.")
                                             while(1);
                                    }
                              }
                     }
}
  }
}

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作者: 会飞的C51 时间: 2021-7-17 14:26
本设计中可能会有一些逻辑问题，希望各位大牛批评指正！

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