单片机LCD12864程序烧到实物上后出现乱码运行不正常仿真没问题 -

#define F_CPU 8000000UL
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <string.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define RS (1<<5)
#define RW (1<<6)
#define EN (1<<7)
#define delay_ms(x) _delay_ms(x)
#define RED_1 (1<<0)
#define RED_2 (1<<3)
#define YEL_1 (1<<1)
#define YEL_2 (1<<4)
#define GREEN_1 (1<<2)
#define GREEN_2 (1<<5)
//此处定义字符串
char text_1[]={"交通灯正常运行中"};
char text_2[]={" 紧急模式"};
char text_3[]={"调整间断模式"};
char text_4[]={"红灯"};
char text_5[]={"黄灯"};
char red_time[]={"05s"};
char YEL_time[]={"07ms"};
int emer = 0;
int adju = 0;
int key = 0;
int staus = 0;
int n=9,Yel_time=7;
void EEPROM_write(unsigned int uiAddress, unsigned char ucData)
{
/* 等待上一次写操作结束 */
while(EECR & (1<<EEWE))
;
/* 设置地址和数据寄存器 */
EEAR = uiAddress;
EEDR = ucData;
/* 置位 EEMWE */
EECR |= (1<<EEMWE);
/* 置位 EEWE 以启动写操作 E */
EECR |= (1<<EEWE);
}
unsigned char EEPROM_read(unsigned int uiAddress)
{
/* 等待上一次写操作结束 */
while(EECR & (1<<EEWE))
;
/* 设置地址寄存器 */
EEAR = uiAddress;
/* 设置 EERE 以启动读操作 */
EECR |= (1<<EERE);
/* 自数据寄存器返回数据 */
return EEDR;
}
int key_board(void) {
unsigned char i,j; //键码记录
unsigned char key_num=0; //按键表示的数字
i=PIND&0xF3;
if (i == 0xF3) return key_num; //无按键按下，退出
delay_ms(10); //去按键颤抖
j = PIND&0xF3;
if(i == j) { //二次对比确定按键操作
switch (i) { //将按键码转换成键值
case 0xF2: key_num=1;break;
case 0xF1: key_num=2;break;
case 0xE3: key_num=3;break;
case 0xD3: key_num=4;break;
case 0xB3: key_num=5;break;
case 0x73: key_num=6;break;
default: key_num=0;break;
}
}
while(PIND!=0xF3); //等待按键松开
return key_num;
}
void emer_mode(){
int a=1;
WriteCommandLCM(0x01);
PORTC=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
DisplayList(0x80,text_2);
while(a){
key=key_board();
if (key)
{
a=0;
key=1;
WriteCommandLCM(0x01);
s_ms(100);
DisplayList(0x80,text_1);
}
}
}
void adju_mode(){
staus = 1;
int real_time;
int sit = 0,sel=3;
unsigned char poab,pocb;
pocb=PORTC;
poab=PORTA;
real_time=n-4;
WriteCommandLCM(0x01);
DisplayList(0x80,text_3);
DisplayList(0x90,text_4);
DisplayList(0x95,text_5);
red_time[0]=(real_time/10)+48;
red_time[1]=(real_time%10)+48;
YEL_time[0]=(Yel_time/10)+48;
YEL_time[1]=(Yel_time%10)+48;
DisplayList(0x88,red_time);
DisplayList(0x8D,YEL_time);
PORTC=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
while(staus){
delay_ms(200);
sit=key_board();
if (sit==3)
{
sel=sit;
PORTC=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
}
else if (sit==4)
{
sel=sit;
PORTC=(YEL_1)|(YEL_2);
PORTA=(YEL_1)|(YEL_2);
}
if (sel==3)
{
PORTC^=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
PORTA^=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
}
else if (sel==4)
{
PORTC^=(YEL_1)|(YEL_2);
PORTA^=(YEL_1)|(YEL_2);
}
if (sit==5&&sel==3)
{
n++;
delay_ms(100);
if (n-4>15)
{
n=9;
}
EEPROM_write(0x00,n);
real_time=n-4;
red_time[0]=(real_time/10)+48;
red_time[1]=(real_time%10)+48;
DisplayList(0x88,red_time);
}
else if (sit==6&&sel==3)
{
n--;
delay_ms(100);
if (n-4<5)
{
n=19;
}
EEPROM_write(0x00,n);
real_time=n-4;
red_time[0]=(real_time/10)+48;
red_time[1]=(real_time%10)+48;
DisplayList(0x88,red_time);
}
if (sit==5&&sel==4)
{
Yel_time++;
delay_ms(100);
if (Yel_time>20)
{
Yel_time=5;
}
EEPROM_write(0x08,Yel_time);
YEL_time[0]=(Yel_time/10)+48;
YEL_time[1]=(Yel_time%10)+48;
DisplayList(0x8D,YEL_time);
}
else if (sit==6&&sel==4)
{
Yel_time--;
delay_ms(100);
if (Yel_time<5)
{
Yel_time=20;
}
EEPROM_write(0x08,Yel_time);
YEL_time[0]=(Yel_time/10)+48;
YEL_time[1]=(Yel_time%10)+48;
DisplayList(0x8D,YEL_time);
}
if (sit==2)
{
WriteCommandLCM(0x01);
s_ms(100);
DisplayList(0x80,text_1);
PORTA=poab;
PORTC=pocb;
staus=0;
}
}
}
void get_key(){
int sel=0;
sel=key_board();
if (sel==1)
{
emer_mode();
}
else if (sel==2)
{
adju_mode();
}
}
//延时函数
void s_ms(uint ms)
{
int a;
for (a=0;a<1;a++)
{
for(;ms>1;ms--);
}
}
//写数据
void WriteDataLCM(unsigned char WDLCM)
{
ReadStatusLCM(); //检测忙
s_ms(100);
PORTE|=RS; //RS=1
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~RW; //RW=0
s_ms(100);
PORTE|=EN; //EN=1
s_ms(100);
PORTB=WDLCM; //输出数据
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~EN; //EN=0
s_ms(100);
}
//写指令
void WriteCommandLCM(unsigned char WCLCM)
{
ReadStatusLCM(); //根据需要检测忙
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~RS; //RS=0
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~RW; //RW=0
s_ms(100);
PORTE|=EN; //EN=1
s_ms(100);
PORTB=WCLCM; //输出指令
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~EN; //EN=0
s_ms(100);
}
//读状态:检测忙
void ReadStatusLCM(void)
{
uchar temp;
uchar flag = 1;
while(flag==1)
{
DDRB=0x00; //端口B改为输入
PORTB=0xff;
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~RS; //RS=0
s_ms(100);
PORTE|=RW; //RW=1
s_ms(100);
PORTE|=EN; //EN=1
s_ms(1000);
temp = PINB; //读端口B
s_ms(1000);
DDRB=0xff; //端口B改为
s_ms(100);
PORTE&=~EN; //EN=0
s_ms(100);
if(temp>>7==0)
flag = 0;
return;
}
}
//LCM初始化
void LCMInit(void)
{
WriteCommandLCM(0x38); //三次显示模式设置，不检测忙信号
s_ms(1000);
WriteCommandLCM(0x38);
s_ms(1000);
WriteCommandLCM(0x38);
s_ms(1000);
WriteCommandLCM(0x38); //显示模式设置,开始要求每次检测忙信号
WriteCommandLCM(0x08); //关闭显示
WriteCommandLCM(0x01); //显示清屏
WriteCommandLCM(0x06); //显示光标移动设置
WriteCommandLCM(0x0C); //显示开及光标设置
}
//按指定位置显示一串字符
//液晶显示：汉字为16*16，字母及数字为8*16，此次显示的文本
// 从第一行第一列开始，依次向左，如果想在不同的
// 位置显示，只需修改相应的行值即可。液晶显示
// 完毕后，转入语音文本发送。
//DisplsyList(X,DData)函数:X为0x80在第一行显示；X为0x90在
// 第二行显示；X为0x88在第三行显示；X为0x98在
// 第四行显示；DData为显示数组。
void DisplayList(unsigned char X,char *DData)
{
unsigned char length;
unsigned char i=0;
char *p;
p = DData;
length = strlen(p);
WriteCommandLCM(0x08);
WriteCommandLCM(X);
WriteCommandLCM(0x06);
WriteCommandLCM(0x0C);
WriteCommandLCM(X);
for(i=0;i<length;i++)
{
WriteDataLCM(DData[i]);
i++;
WriteDataLCM(DData[i]);
}
}
void Init(){
DDRA|=~((1<<6)|(1<<7));
DDRC|=~((1<<6)|(1<<7));
PORTC|=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
PORTA|=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
//端口初始化
DDRB=0xff;
PORTB=0xff;
DDRG=(1<<3)|(1<<4);
PORTG=(1<<3)|(1<<4);
DDRE|=RW|RS|EN;
PORTE|=RW|RS|EN;
DDRD|=(0<<0)|(0<<1)|(0<<4)|(0<<5)|(0<<6)|(0<<7);
PORTD|=(1<<0)|(1<<1)|(1<<4)|(1<<5)|(1<<6)|(1<<7);
s_ms(200);
s_ms(200);
LCMInit(); //LCM初始化
}
int main(void)
{
int a,b=0,c=0,time=10;
int im;
int chf=1;
Init();
ReadStatusLCM();
DisplayList(0x80,text_1); //显示初始界面
s_ms(100);
im=EEPROM_read(0x10);
if (im)
{
EEPROM_write(0x00,n);
EEPROM_write(0x08,Yel_time);
EEPROM_write(0x10,0);
}
n=EEPROM_read(0x00);
Yel_time=EEPROM_read(0x08);
while(1)
{
while(chf==0)
{
for (a=0;a<n;a++)
{
if (b==0)
{
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(RED_2);
while(a>=n-5&&a<n){
for (;a<n;a++)
{
get_key();
PORTA^=(RED_2);
delay_ms(200);
}
PORTA=(YEL_2)|(GREEN_1);
for(c=0;c<Yel_time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
}
}
else if (b==1)
{
PORTA=(RED_1)|(GREEN_2);
while(a>=n-5&&a<n){
for (;a<n;a++)
{
get_key();
PORTA^=(RED_1);
delay_ms(200);
}
PORTA=(YEL_1)|(GREEN_2);
for(c=0;c<Yel_time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(GREEN_2);
chf=1;
PORTC=(GREEN_1)|(RED_2);
}
}
for(c=0;c<time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
}
b=(++b)%2;
}
while(chf==1)
{
for (a=0;a<n;a++)
{
if (b==0)
{
PORTC=(GREEN_1)|(RED_2);
while(a>=n-5&&a<n){
for (;a<n;a++)
{
get_key();
PORTC^=(GREEN_1);
delay_ms(200);
}
PORTC=(YEL_1)|(RED_2);
for(c=0;c<Yel_time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
}
}
else if (b==1)
{
PORTC=(RED_1)|(GREEN_2);
while(a>=n-5&&a<n){
for (;a<n;a++)
{
get_key();
PORTC^=(GREEN_2);
delay_ms(200);
}
PORTC=(YEL_2)|(RED_1);
for(c=0;c<Yel_time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
PORTC=(RED_1)|(RED_2);
chf=0;
PORTA=(GREEN_1)|(RED_2);
}
}
for(c=0;c<time;c++)
{
get_key();
delay_ms(100);
}
}
b=(++b)%2;
}
}
}

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