关于直流电机的驱动电路仿真原理图如下(proteus仿真工程文件可到本帖附件中下载)
单片机源程序如下:
- //四个按键控制步进电机:正转,反转,加1,减1
- //上电时电机启动,加减档位,电机采用单双八拍方式
- #include<reg51.h>
- #define uchar unsigned char
- #define uint unsigned int
- sbit s1 = P1^0;
- sbit s2 = P1^1;
- sbit s3 = P3^0;
- sbit s4 = P3^1;
- sbit s5 = P3^2;//按键定义,s1正转,s2反转,s3加1,s4减1
- sbit a = P2^7;sbit b = P2^6;sbit c = P2^5;sbit d = P2^4;//脉冲信号输入端定义
- uchar code time_counter[10][2]={{0xda,0x1c},{0xde,0xe4},{0xe1,0xec},{0xe5,0xd4},{0xe9,0xbc}, //9.7 ----1ms
- {0xed,0xa4},{0xf1,0x8c},{0xf5,0x74},{0xf9,0x5c},{0xfc,0x18}};
- uchar num1 = 0;//控制取励磁信号变量
- uchar num2 = 8;
- char k=0;//加减档位控制,1为最小档
- char pause=1;//暂停时保存之前的转速,开机默认1
- bit flag1 = 0;//初始正转,正反转标志
- //================================定时器0/1初始化函数================================
- void T0_T1_init()
- {
- TMOD = 0x11;//定时器0/1均工作于方式1,16位计时方式
- TH1 = time_counter[k-1][0];
- TL1 = time_counter[k-1][1];//定时器1,定时10ms用于步进电机转速控制
- TR1 = 0;
- ET1= 1;//开定时器中断
- EA = 1;//开总中断
- }
- //================================ms级延时函数=======================================
- void delay1m(uint x)
- {
- uint i,j;
- for(i=0;i<x;i++) //连数x次,约 x ms
- for(j=0;j<120;j++); //数120 次,约1 ms
- }
- //================================主函数=============================================
- void main()
- {
- T0_T1_init();
- a=b=c=d=0;
- while(1)
- {
- if(s1 == 0)
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s1 == 0)
- {
- flag1 = 0;//正转
- }
- while(!s1);
- }
- if(s2 == 0 )
- {
-
- delay1m(3);
- if(s2 == 0)
- {
- flag1 = 1;//反转
- }
- while(!s2);
- }
- if(s3 == 0) //速度加1档
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s3 == 0)
- {
- k++;
- TR1=1;
- if(k > 10 )
- {
- k = 1;
- }
- }
- while(!s3);
- }
- if(s4 == 0) //速度减1档
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s4 == 0)
- {
- k--;
- TR1=1;
- if(k <= 0)
- {
- k = 10;
- }
- }
- while(!s4);
- }
- if(s5==0)
- {
- delay1m(3);
- if(s5==0)
- {
- if(TR1==1)
- {
- pause=k;
- k=0;
- TR1=0;
- a=b=c=d=0;
- }
- else if(TR1==0)
- {
- k=pause;
- TR1=1;
- }
- while(!s5);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- //==================================定时器1中断函数,用于脉冲频率控制=====================================
- void time1_interrupt()interrupt 3
- {
- static num1 = 0;
- static num2 = 0;
- TH1 = time_counter[k-1][0];
- TL1 = time_counter[k-1][1];//定时器1,定时1 用于步进电机转速控制
- if(flag1 == 0)//正转
- {
- switch(num1)
- {
- case 0:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 1:a = 1;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 2:a = 0;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 3:a = 0;b = 1;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 4:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 5:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 1;break;
- case 6:a = 0;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- case 7:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- }
- num1++;
- if(num1 == 8)num1 = 0;
- }
- else //反转
- {
- switch(num2)
- {
- case 0:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- case 1:a = 0;b = 0;c = 0;d = 1;break;
- case 2:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 1;break;
- case 3:a = 0;b = 0;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 4:a = 0;b = 1;c = 1;d = 0;break;
- case 5:a = 0;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 6:a = 1;b = 1;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- case 7:a = 1;b = 0;c = 0;d = 0;break;
- }
- num2++;
- if(num2 == 8)num2 = 0;
- }
- }
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