因为这段特殊时期的原因,没办法回学校拿硬件,自然也就没办法调试,虽然硬件电路都搭好了,但没法调试也就意味着不知道程序编写是否有问题,所以就想着在protues上把硬件电路搭起来调试程序,因为单片机用的是stc的所以protues中直接用AT的就行了,但是到了12864液晶屏这部分就犯难了,protues库中的液晶屏有好多种,而自己不确定用哪一种。最直接的方法就是问百度,但是百度上大多都是并行接口的方式搭建的电路,而我的实际电路用的是串行的(大家都懂得,实际电路中I/O口除非必要能省就省)。
无奈之下,只能自己研究,然后用了一两个小时把问题的关键破解了,成功的实现串行通信控制12864液晶屏。不知道是这个太简单了还是并行通信在这一问题上太过主流了,网上很少有这部分教程,所以今天就做个记录。
实际电路中用的是一款国产的液晶屏,protues中用的是HDG1286F这个系列的液晶屏。经过一番思考,很快就找到了问题的关键,驱动IC,LCD显示的方式都是点阵这个没什么好区别的,唯一有区别的是驱动IC,于是便找到了HDG12864F所使用的驱动IC-SED1565的数据手册。
取下面两款液晶屏来说,parallel data input是并行数据输入,selectable lnterface是可选接口的意思,也就是说选择parallel data input也就是第三款只能是并行接口,选择selectable lnterface第四款才能有串并行选择。这两款的区别在硬件上就是第四款多了个P/S引脚。如下图是数据手册中对于P/S引脚的描述。
。
这里也给出两款液晶屏在引脚上的对应关系(串行模式下),如下图所示,左边是仿真中的引脚资料,右边是实际硬件的液晶引脚资料。
protues中实际接线图如下所示,悬空部分为不需要接的。
下边附上液晶屏的初始化函数以及数字显示函数
单片机源程序如下:
- #include <12864.h>
- #include <reg52.h>
- #define uchar unsigned char
- #define uint unsigned int
- //小四号 ,纵向倒序
- sbit rs=P1^2; //RS
- sbit reset=P2^0; //RST
- sbit cs1=P2^1; //CS
- sbit sid=P2^2; //D7
- sbit sclk=P2^3; //D6
- unsigned char code LCD_charNumber[11][7]=
- {
- {0x00,0x3E,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x3E,0x00},//0
- {0x00,0x00,0x42,0x7F,0x40,0x00,0x00},//1
- {0x00,0x42,0x61,0x51,0x49,0x46,0x00},//2
- {0x00,0x21,0x41,0x45,0x4B,0x31,0x00},//3
- {0x00,0x18,0x14,0x12,0x7F,0x10,0x00},//4
- {0x00,0x27,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x39,0x00},//5
- {0x00,0x3C,0x4A,0x49,0x49,0x30,0x00},//6
- {0x00,0x01,0x01,0x79,0x05,0x03,0x00},//7
- {0x00,0x36,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36,0x00},//8
- {0x00,0x06,0x49,0x49,0x29,0x1E,0x00},//9
- {0x00,0x66,0x16,0x08,0x34,0x33,0x00}, /*% 有待修改65*/
- };
- unsigned char code beijinghanzi[14][16]={ //背景汉字,微软雅黑,小四号
- {0x40,0x42,0xC6,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x7C,0x00},
- {0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x20,0x10,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x30,0x08}, //“记”字代码
- {0x00,0x40,0x42,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x52,0xD2,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x7E,0x40,0x40,0x40},
- {0x00,0x10,0x11,0x11,0x0A,0x48,0x44,0x44,0x3F,0x06,0x0C,0x0A,0x12,0x11,0x20,0x00}, //“录”字代码
- {0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x12,0x22,0x42,0x82,0xC2,0x62,0x12,0x0A,0x02,0x02,0x00},
- {0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x23,0x21,0x21,0x23,0x26,0x24,0x20,0x20,0x00}, //“区”字代码
- {0x00,0x30,0x18,0xCC,0x22,0x00,0x2C,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x7E,0x00,0x00},
- {0x00,0x02,0x01,0x7E,0x00,0x08,0x19,0x29,0x09,0x89,0x89,0x89,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x08}, //“得”字代码
- {0x80,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x0C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00},
- {0x00,0x80,0x41,0x41,0x21,0x1F,0x01,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x7D,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00}, //“分”字代码
- {0x80,0x80,0x80,0xBE,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xBE,0x80,0x80},
- {0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x2A,0x2A,0x2A,0x2A,0x7F,0x62,0x46,0x2A,0x32,0x32,0x2A,0x46,0x40}, //“最”字代码
- {0x04,0x04,0x04,0x74,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x56,0x56,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x74,0x04,0x04,0x04},
- {0x00,0x7F,0x01,0x01,0x3D,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x5D,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x7F,0x00}, //“高”字代码
- };
- unsigned char code defen[6][16]={
- {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//空白
- {0x00,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x18,0x14,0x12,0x11,0x10,0x00},//"2"
- {0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x00},//"4"
- {0x00,0xE0,0x90,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x0F,0x00},//"6"
- {0x00,0x70,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x0F,0x00},//"8"
- {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//空白
- };
- unsigned char code maohao[]={0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00};//冒号
- //*****************MS**************//
- void delay(int i)
- { int j,k;
- for(j=0;j<i;j++)
- for(k=0;k<990;k++);
- }
- //*****************US****************//
- void delay1(int i)
- { int j,k;
- for(j=0;j<i;j++)
- for(k=0;k<10;k++);
- }
- //***************写命令************//
- void transfer_command(int data1)
- { char i;
- cs1=0;
- rs=0;
- for(i=0;i<8;i++)
- { sclk=0;
- if(data1&0x80) sid=1;
- else sid=0;
- delay1(5);
- sclk=1;
- delay1(5);
- data1=data1<<=1;
- }
- }
- //****************写数据*************//
- void transfer_data(int data1)
- { char i;
- cs1=0;
- rs=1;
- for(i=0;i<8;i++)
- { sclk=0;
- if(data1&0x80) sid=1;
- else sid=0;
- sclk=1;
- data1=data1<<=1;
- }
- }
- //*****************清屏****************//
- void clear_screen(void)
- { unsigned char i,j;
- for(i=0;i<9;i++)
- { cs1=0;
- transfer_command(0xb0+i);
- transfer_command(0x10);
- transfer_command(0x00);
- for(j=0;j<132;j++) transfer_data(0x00);
- }
- }
- //***************LCD 初始化**************//
- void initial_lcd(void)
- { reset=0; /*低电平复位*/
- delay(20);
- reset=1; /*复位完毕*/
- delay(20);
- transfer_command(0xe2); /*软复位*/
- delay(5);
- transfer_command(0x2c); /*升压步聚 1*/
- delay(5);
- transfer_command(0x2e); /*升压步聚 2*/
- delay(5);
- transfer_command(0x2f); /*升压步聚 3*/
- delay(5);
- transfer_command(0x23); /*粗调对比度,可设置范围 0x20~0x27*/
- transfer_command(0x81); /*微调对比度*/
- transfer_command(0x1f); /*微调对比度的值,可设置范围 0x00~0x3f*/
- transfer_command(0xa2); /*1/9 偏压比(bias)*/
- transfer_command(0xc0); /*行扫描顺序:从上到下,0是上下,8是下上*/
- transfer_command(0xa1); /*列扫描顺序:从左到右,0是左右,1是右左*/
- transfer_command(0xa6); /*正反显示,7是高亮显示,6是暗显示*/
- transfer_command(0x60); /*起始行:第一行开始*/
- transfer_command(0xaf); /*开显示*/
- }
- //==================显示分数===============//
- void lcd12864_disp(uchar num,uchar num2)
- { char i,n;
- if(num2==0) n = 3;
- else n=0;
- num = num/2;
- transfer_command(0x13); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x00); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb2+n); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<8;i++) transfer_data(defen[num][i]);
- transfer_command(0x13); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x00); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb3+n); //设置页地址
- for(i=8;i<16;i++) transfer_data(defen[num][i]);
-
- }
- //*********************显示数组***************//
- void lcd12864_disp1(int num,unsigned int LINE_start,unsigned char ROW_start)
- //要显示的数字------- 第几行(0-7)开始----第几个列字符位置开始(0-17)
- { unsigned int byte;
- unsigned char column_add_L,column_add_H;
- LINE_start = 0xb0 + LINE_start;
- ROW_start = ROW_start * 7; //+1
- column_add_L =ROW_start&0x0f;
- column_add_H =((ROW_start>>4)&0x0f)+0x10;
- cs1 = 0;
- transfer_command(LINE_start); //设置页地址
- transfer_command(column_add_H); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(column_add_L); //设置列地址的低4位
- for(byte=0;byte<7;byte++) transfer_data(LCD_charNumber[num] [byte] );
- }
- void back(void)
- { uchar i,j;
- //显示“记录区”三字
- for(j=0;j<6;j++){
- transfer_command(0x14); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x00); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb2+j); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[j][i]);}
- //显示“得分:”字样
- transfer_command(0x10); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x08); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb2); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[6][i]);
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[8][i]);
- for(i=0;i<6;i++) transfer_data(maohao[i]);
- transfer_command(0x10); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x08); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb3); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[7][i]);
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[9][i]);
- for(i=0;i<6;i++) transfer_data(maohao[i]);
- //显示“最高:”字样
- transfer_command(0x10); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x08); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb5); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[10][i]);
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[12][i]);
- for(i=0;i<6;i++) transfer_data(maohao[i]);
- transfer_command(0x10); //设置列地址的高4位
- transfer_command(0x08); //设置列地址的低4位
- transfer_command(0xb6); //设置页地址
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[11][i]);
- for(i=0;i<16;i++) transfer_data(beijinghanzi[13][i]);
- for(i=0;i<6;i++) transfer_data(maohao[i]);
- //显示各通道分值
- lcd12864_disp1(8,0,2);
- lcd12864_disp1(6,0,4);
- lcd12864_disp1(4,0,6);
- lcd12864_disp1(2,0,8);
- lcd12864_disp1(2,0,10);
- lcd12864_disp1(4,0,12);
- lcd12864_disp1(6,0,14);
- lcd12864_disp1(8,0,16);
- }
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