这个51单片机程序为什么不能写8G的TF卡？

ID:382699 · 发表于 2020-10-31 14:44

在网上找的SD卡程序和卖家给的程序，测试了一下都不能正常工作，不知道是不是因为卡是8G的原因？

单片机源程序如下:

#include<reg52.h>
#include<intrins.h>
#define uint unsigned int
#define uchar unsigned char
//错误码定义//
#define cmd0_error 0x01
#define cmd1_error 0x02
#define write_error 0x03
#define read_error 0x04
/*位定义*/
sbit cs=P1^0; //定义片选位
sbit clk=P1^1; //定义时钟位
sbit si=P1^2; //定义主机发送数据位
sbit so=P1^3; //定义主机接收位
uchar xdata shuju[512]={0}; //定义数据缓冲数组
uchar flag_time;
//定义标志时间，因为当sd卡进行初始化时需要降低
//通信速度，所以通过该标志来写1来降低速度
void delay(uint x) //通信延时函数
{
while(x--)
_nop_();
}
void delay1(uint a)
{
uint i,j;
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
for(j=0;j<120;j++);
}
//写一字节数据//
void write_sd(uchar date)
{
uchar i;
CY=0;
clk=1;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
clk=0;
date=date<<1;
si=CY;
if(flag_time==1) //用来判断是否处于初始化，如果是降低通信速度
delay(10);
_nop_(); //用来让io口数据更稳定，也可以省略
clk=1;
_nop_();
if(flag_time==1)
delay(10);
}
}
//读取sd卡一个字节数据//
uchar read_sd()
{
uchar i,temp=0;
so=1; //一定要先将其置1否则会出现错误
//因为如果先置0单片机io口寄存器相应位电平为低当
//当接收到高电平后可能sd卡电平不足使其io变为高电平
clk=1;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
clk=0;
if(flag_time==1)
delay(10);
temp<<=1;
temp=temp|so;
_nop_();
clk=1;
_nop_();
if(flag_time==1)
delay(10);
}
return temp;
}
//向sd卡写命令//
uchar write_cmd(uchar *cmd)
{
uchar i,time,temp;
si=1;
for(i=0;i<6;i++) //发送六字节命令
{
write_sd(cmd[ i]);
}
time=0;
do
{
temp=read_sd();
time++;
}
while((temp==0xff)&&(time<100));
//判断命令是否写入成功，当读取到so不为0xff时命令写入成功
//当temp==0xff时为真且没发送100次为真继续执行
//但是又不能无限制等待所以让命令写入100次结束
return temp; //返回读取的数据
}
//复位函数//
uchar sd_reset()
{
uchar i,temp=0xff,time;
uchar table[]={0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x95};
flag_time=1;
cs=1;
for(i=0;i<0x0f;i++) //复位时最少写入74个时钟周期
{
write_sd(0xff);
}
cs=0;
time=0;//打开片选
do
{
temp=write_cmd(table); //写入cmd0
time++;
if(time==100)
return(cmd0_error);
}
while(temp!=0x01); //等待命令CMD0的响应
cs=1; //关闭片选
write_sd(0xff); //补偿8个时钟
return 0;
}
//初始化函数此函数决定ＳＤ卡的工作模式　选择ＳＰＩ还是ＳＤ模式//
uchar sd_init()
{
uchar time=0,temp=0xff;
uchar table[]={0x41,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff}; //命令码
flag_time=1;
cs=0;
time=0;
do
{
temp=write_cmd(table);
time++;
if(time==100)
return 0x02;
}
while(temp!=0x00); //等待命令CMD1响应
flag_time=0;
cs=1;
write_sd(0xff); //补偿8个时钟
return 0;
}
//写sd卡扇区//
uchar xie_sd_shanqu(unsigned long int add,uchar *buffer)
{
uchar temp,time;
uint i;
uchar table[]={0x58,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff};
add=add<<9; //add=add*512
//由于sd卡操作一次性只能写一个扇区也就是512个字节
//所以这里通过将长整型地址左移九位来将地址乘上512
//用于地址操作
table[1]=((add&0xff000000)>>24);
table[2]=((add&0x00ff0000)>>16);
table[3]=((add&0x0000ff00)>>8);
cs=0;
time=0;
do
{
temp=write_cmd(table); //写入写扇区命令
time++;
if(time==100)
{
return(write_error);
}
}
while(temp!=0x00); //判断命令是否写入成功成功时返回0x00
for(i=0;i<20;i++) //补充若干时钟
{
write_sd(0xff);
}
write_sd(0xfe); //写入开始字节0xfe，后面要写入512字节数据
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
write_sd(buffer[ i]);
}
write_sd(0xff);
write_sd(0xff); //两字节奇偶校验
temp=read_sd(); //读取返回值
if((temp&0x1f)!=0x05) //如果返回值是 xxx00101 说明数据已经被写入
{
cs=1;
return(write_error);
}
while(read_sd()!=0xff); //等待sd卡不忙数据写入成功
cs=1; //关闭片选
write_sd(0xff); //补偿8 个时钟
return 0;
}
//读取sd卡扇区//
uchar duqushanqu(unsigned long add,uchar *buffer)
{
uchar temp,time=0;
uint i;
uchar table[]={0x51,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff};
add=add<<9;
table[1]=((add&0xff000000)>>24);
table[2]=((add&0x00ff0000)>>16);
table[3]=((add&0x0000ff00)>>8);
cs=0; //打开片选
do
{
temp=write_cmd(table); //写命令
time++;
if(time==100)
{
return read_error;
}
}
while(temp!=0);
write_sd(0xff); //补偿8个时钟
while(read_sd()!=0xfe); //一直读取等待0xfe
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
buffer[ i]=read_sd();
}
write_sd(0xff); //两字节奇偶校验位
write_sd(0xff);
cs=1;
write_sd(0xff); //补偿8个时钟
return 0;
}
/*在P0上接八个发光二极管用来显示读取到的数据
首先在数组（shuju）里面放入i用于显示，再将其
写入SD卡扇区，然后在读取出SD卡里的数据*/
void main()
{
uint i=0;
uint a=0xaa;
P1=0x00;
P0=0xff;
sd_reset();
sd_init(); ///初始化sd卡
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
shuju[ i]=a; //向数据数组里面写入数据
}
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
xie_sd_shanqu(1,shuju); //将数据数组里面的数据写入sd卡
}
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
shuju[ i]=0; //清零数据数组用来存储从sd卡读取到的数据
}
duqushanqu(1,shuju); //读取扇区数据
while(1)
{
for(i=0;i<512;i++)
{
P0=shuju[ i]; //显示扇区数据
delay1(200);
}
}
}
/*
* SD模块测试程序
*
* 用途：SD模块测试程序
*
* 作者日期备注
* Huafeng Lin 20010/10/03 新增
* Huafeng Lin 20010/10/03 修改
*
*/
#include "REG52.H"
////////////////////////****************/
unsigned char *SDInfo1="SD Init Success.";
unsigned char *SDInfo2="SD Init Fail.";
unsigned int xdata ReadBuffer[128] ;
unsigned int xdata WriteBuffer[128] ;
unsigned int BlockSize;
unsigned long int BlockNR;
//sbit sd_clk=P3^2;
//sbit sd_cse=P3^0;
//sbit sd_dai=P3^3; //Do
//sbit sd_dao=P3^1; //DI
sbit sd_cse=P1^0;
sbit sd_dao=P1^2;//DI
sbit sd_clk=P1^1;
sbit sd_dai=P1^3;//Do
void Delay5us()
{
unsigned char a=0;
for(a=0;a<40;a++)
;
}
//********************************************
void SD_2Byte_Write(unsigned int IOData)
{
unsigned char BitCounter;
for (BitCounter=0;BitCounter<16;BitCounter++)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
if(IOData&0x8000)//If the MSB of IOData is 1, then Do=1, else Do=0.
sd_dao=1;//Do High
else
sd_dao=0;//Do Low
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
IOData=IOData<<1;//Because the MSB is transmitted firstly, shift to next lower bit.
}
}
//********************************************
void SD_Write(unsigned int IOData)
{
unsigned char BitCounter;
IOData=IOData<<8;
for (BitCounter=0;BitCounter<8;BitCounter++)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
if(IOData&0x8000)//If the MSB of IOData is 1, then Do=1, else Do=0.
sd_dao=1;//Do High
else
sd_dao=0;//Do Low
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
IOData=IOData<<1;//Because the MSB is transmitted firstly, shift to next lower bit.
}
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_2Byte_Read()
{
unsigned int Buffer;
unsigned char BitCounter;
Buffer=0;
for (BitCounter=0;BitCounter<16;BitCounter++)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Buffer=Buffer<<1;//Because the MSB is transmitted firstly, shift to next lower bit.
//Because the LSB will be damaged, we can not put this line under next line.
if(sd_dai)
Buffer++;//If SPI_Din=1 then the LSB_of_Buffer=1.
}
return Buffer;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Read()
{
unsigned int Buffer;
unsigned char BitCounter;
Buffer=0xffff;
for (BitCounter=0;BitCounter<8;BitCounter++)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Buffer=Buffer<<1;//Because the MSB is transmitted firstly, shift to next lower bit.
//Because the LSB will be damaged, we can not put this line under next line.
if(sd_dai)
Buffer++;//If SPI_Din=1 then the LSB_of_Buffer=1.
}
return Buffer;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_CMD_Write(unsigned int CMDIndex,unsigned long CMDArg,unsigned int ResType,unsigned int CSLowRSV)//ResType:Response Type, send 1 for R1; send 2 for R1b; send 3 for R2.
{ //There are 7 steps need to do.(marked by [1]-[7])
unsigned int temp,Response,Response2,CRC,MaximumTimes;
Response2=0;
MaximumTimes=10;
CRC=0x0095;//0x0095 is only valid for CMD0
if (CMDIndex!=0) CRC=0x00ff;
sd_cse=0;//[1] CS Low
SD_2Byte_Write(((CMDIndex|0x0040)<<8)+(CMDArg>>24));//[2] Transmit Command_Index & 1st Byte of Command_Argument.
SD_2Byte_Write((CMDArg&0x00ffff00)>>8); //[2] 2nd & 3rd Byte of Command_Argument
SD_2Byte_Write(((CMDArg&0x000000ff)<<8)+CRC); //[2] 4th Byte of Command_Argument & CRC only for CMD0
sd_dao=1;//[3] Do High
//[3] Restore Do to High Level
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//[4] Provide 8 extra clock after CMD
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
switch (ResType)//[5] wait response
{
case 1://R1
{
do
Response=SD_Read();
while (Response==0xffff);
break;
}
case 2://R1b
{
do
Response=SD_Read();
while (Response==0xffff);//Read R1 firstly
do
Response2=SD_Read()-0xff00;
while (Response2!=0);//Wait until the Busy_Signal_Token is non-zero
break;
}
case 3: Response=SD_2Byte_Read();break;//R2
}
if (CSLowRSV==0) sd_cse=1;//[6] CS High (if the CMD has data block response CS should be kept low)
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//[7] Provide 8 extra clock after card response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
return Response;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Reset_Card()
{
unsigned int temp,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=10;
for (temp=0;temp<80;temp++)//Send 74+ Clocks
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
return SD_CMD_Write(0x0000,0x00000000,1,0);//Send CMD0
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Initiate_Card()//Polling the card after reset
{
unsigned int temp,Response,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=50;
for(temp=0;temp<MaximumTimes;temp++)
{
Response=SD_CMD_Write(0x0037,0x00000000,1,0);//Send CMD55
Response=SD_CMD_Write(0x0029,0x00000000,1,0);//Send ACMD41
if (Response==0xff00)
temp=MaximumTimes;
}
return Response;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Get_CardInfo()//Read CSD register
{
unsigned int temp,Response,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=50;
for(temp=0;temp<MaximumTimes;temp++)
{
Response=SD_CMD_Write(9,0x00000000,1,1);//Send CMD9
if (Response==0xff00)
temp=MaximumTimes;
}
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 clock to romove the first byte of data response (0x00fe)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++) ReadBuffer[temp]=SD_2Byte_Read();//Get the CSD data
for (temp=0;temp<16;temp++)//Provide 16 clock to remove the last 2 bytes of data response (CRC)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
sd_cse=1;//CS_High()
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 extra clock after data response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
BlockNR=((ReadBuffer[3]<<2)&0x0fff)+((ReadBuffer[4]>>14)&0x0003)+1;//Calcuate MULT
BlockNR=BlockNR*(0x0002<<(((ReadBuffer[4]<<1)&0x0007)+((ReadBuffer[5]>>15)&0x0001)+1));//Calcuate Block_Number
return Response;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Overall_Initiation()
{
unsigned int Response,Response_2;
Response=0x0000;
Response_2=0xff00;
sd_dao=1;//[1] Do High
//[1] Do must be High when there is no transmition
do
Response=SD_Reset_Card();//[2] Send CMD0
while (Response!=0xff01);
if (Response!=0xff01) Response_2+=8;
//Response=SD_CMD_Write(8,0x00000000,1,0);//Send CMD8
Response=SD_Initiate_Card();//[3] Send CMD55+ACMD41
if (Response==0xff00)
;
else
{
Response_2+=4;
;
}
do
Response=SD_Get_CardInfo();//[4] Read CSD
while (Response!=0xff00);
if (Response==0xff01) Response_2+=2;
return Response_2;
// 0000|0000||0000|0000 Response_2
// |||_CSD Fail
// ||__CMD55+ACMD41 Fail
// |___CMD0 Fail
}
//********************************************
unsigned int SD_Get_CardID()//Read CID register
{
unsigned int temp,Response,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=10;
for(temp=0;temp<MaximumTimes;temp++)
{
Response=SD_CMD_Write(10,0x00000000,1,1);//Send CMD9
if (Response==0xff00)
temp=MaximumTimes;
}
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 clock to romove the first byte of data response (0x00fe)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++) ReadBuffer[temp]=SD_2Byte_Read();//Get the CID data
for (temp=0;temp<16;temp++)//Provide 16 clock to remove the last 2 bytes of data response (CRC)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
sd_cse=1;//CS_High()
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 extra clock after data response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
return Response;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int Read_Single_Block(unsigned long int BlockAddress)
{
unsigned int temp,Response,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=10;
if (BlockAddress>BlockNR) return 0xff20;//whether BlockAddress out of range?
for(temp=0;temp<MaximumTimes;temp++)
{
Response=SD_CMD_Write(17,BlockAddress,1,1);//Send CMD17
if (Response==0xff00)
temp=MaximumTimes;
}
while (SD_Read()!=0xfffe) {;}
//这里为了使只有512byte的单片机能够读写SD卡，特意节省了RAM的使用量，每次读写只有两个重复的128byte
//如果您使用的单片机拥有1K以上的RAM请将"%128"去掉
for (temp=0;temp<256;temp++) ReadBuffer[temp%128]=SD_2Byte_Read();//Get the readed data
for (temp=0;temp<16;temp++)//Provide 16 clock to remove the last 2 bytes of data response (CRC)
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
sd_cse=1;//CS_High()
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 extra clock after data response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
return Response;
}
//********************************************
unsigned int Write_Single_Block(unsigned long int BlockAddress)
{
unsigned int temp,Response,MaximumTimes;
MaximumTimes=10;
if (BlockAddress>BlockNR) return 0xff20;//whether BlockAddress out of range?
for(temp=0;temp<MaximumTimes;temp++)
{
Response=SD_CMD_Write(24,BlockAddress,1,1);//Send CMD24
if (Response==0xff00)
temp=MaximumTimes;
}
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 extra clock after CMD response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
SD_Write(0x00fe);//Send Start Block Token
//这里为了使只有512byte的单片机能够读写SD卡，特意节省了RAM的使用量，每次读写只有两个重复的128byte
//如果您使用的单片机拥有1K以上的RAM请将"%128"去掉
for (temp=0;temp<256;temp++) SD_2Byte_Write(WriteBuffer[temp%128]);//Data Block
SD_2Byte_Write(0xffff);//Send 2 Bytes CRC
Response=SD_Read();
while (SD_Read()!=0xffff) {;}
sd_cse=1;//CS_High()
for (temp=0;temp<8;temp++)//Provide 8 extra clock after data response
{
sd_clk=0;//CLK Low
Delay5us();
sd_clk=1;//CLK High
Delay5us();
}
return Response;
}
/* 串行通信初始化*/
void UartInit()
{
SCON = 0x50; // uart 模式1 (8 bit), REN=1；
TMOD = TMOD | 0x20 ; // 定时器1 模式2；
// TH1 = 0xF7; // 9600 Bds at 32MHz
// TL1 = 0xF7;
TH1 = 0xFD; // 9600 Bds at 11.059MHz
TL1 = 0xFD;
// TH1 = 0xFA; // 9600 Bds at 22.1184MHz
// TL1 = 0xFA;
ES = 1; //允许uart中断；
EA = 1; //允许CPU中断；
TR1 = 1; //运行定时器1：
}
void send_char_com(unsigned char ch)
{
SBUF=ch;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
}
//向串口发送一个字符串
void send_string_com(unsigned char *str,unsigned int len)
{
unsigned char k=0;
do
{
send_char_com(*(str + k));
k++;
} while(k <len);
}
main()
{
unsigned int Data,M_Response;
unsigned char i;
//初始化要写入的数据
for(i=0;i<128;i++)
{
if (i < 64)
{
WriteBuffer[ i]=0x4141;
}
else
{
WriteBuffer[ i]=0x4242;
}
}
UartInit();
TI = 0;
M_Response=0x0000;
M_Response=SD_Overall_Initiation();
M_Response=SD_CMD_Write(16,512,1,0);
Data=SD_Get_CardID();
Write_Single_Block(0x0000);
Read_Single_Block(0x0000);
for(i=0; i<128; i++)
{
send_char_com(ReadBuffer[ i]>>8) ; //向串口发送高8位数据
send_char_com(ReadBuffer[ i] ) ;
}
while(1);
}