//#include <Servo.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h> //申明1602液晶的函数库
//申明1602液晶的引脚所连接的Arduino数字端口，8线或4线数据模式，任选其一
//LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2); //8数据口模式连线声明
LiquidCrystal lcd(13,12,7,6,5,4,3); //4数据口模式连线声明
int Echo = A1; // Echo回声脚(P2.0)
int Trig =A0; // Trig 触发脚(P2.1)
int Distance = 0;
int Left_motor_back=8; //左电机后退(IN1)
int Left_motor_go=9; //左电机前进(IN2)
int Right_motor_go=10; // 右电机前进(IN3)
int Right_motor_back=11; // 右电机后退(IN4)
int key=A2;//定义按键 A2 接口
int beep=A3;//定义蜂鸣器 A3 接口
//const int SensorRight = 3; //右循迹红外传感器(P3.2 OUT1)
//const int SensorLeft = 4; //左循迹红外传感器(P3.3 OUT2)
//const int SensorRight_2 = 6; //右红外传感器(P3.5 OUT4)
//const int SensorLeft_2 = 5; //左红外传感器(P3.4 OUT3)
//int SL; //左循迹红外传感器状态
//int SR; //右循迹红外传感器状态
//int SL_2; //左红外传感器状态
//int SR_2; //右红外传感器状态
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // 初始化串口
//初始化电机驱动IO为输出方式
pinMode(Left_motor_go,OUTPUT); // PIN 8 (PWM)
pinMode(Left_motor_back,OUTPUT); // PIN 9 (PWM)
pinMode(Right_motor_go,OUTPUT);// PIN 10 (PWM)
pinMode(Right_motor_back,OUTPUT);// PIN 11 (PWM)
pinMode(key,INPUT);//定义按键接口为输入接口
pinMode(beep,OUTPUT);
// pinMode(SensorRight, INPUT); //定义右循迹红外传感器为输入
// pinMode(SensorLeft, INPUT); //定义左循迹红外传感器为输入
//pinMode(SensorRight_2, INPUT); //定义右红外传感器为输入
//pinMode(SensorLeft_2, INPUT); //定义左红外传感器为输入
//初始化超声波引脚
pinMode(Echo, INPUT); // 定义超声波输入脚
pinMode(Trig, OUTPUT); // 定义超声波输出脚
lcd.begin(16,2); //初始化1602液晶工作 模式
//定义1602液晶显示范围为2行16列字符
}
//=======================智能小车的基本动作=========================
//void run(int time) // 前进
void run() // 前进
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,100);//PWM比例0~255调速，左右轮差异略增减
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH); // 左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,100);//PWM比例0~255调速，左右轮差异略增减
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);
//delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void brake(int time) //刹车，停车
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW);
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
delay(time * 100);//执行时间，可以调整
}
//void left(int time) //左转(左轮不动，右轮前进)
void left() //左转(左轮不动，右轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,100);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
//delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void spin_left(int time) //左转(左轮后退，右轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,100);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,100);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void right(int time)
//void right() //右转(右轮不动，左轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH);//左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,100);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void spin_right(int time) //右转(右轮后退，左轮前进)
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,100);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH);//左电机前进
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,100);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
void back(int time) //后退
{
digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右轮后退
digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Right_motor_back,100);//PWM比例0~255调速
digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); //左轮后退
digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH);
analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);
analogWrite(Left_motor_back,150);//PWM比例0~255调速
delay(time * 100); //执行时间，可以调整
}
//==========================================================
void keysacn()//按键扫描
{
int val;
val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val
while(!digitalRead(key))//当按键没被按下时，一直循环
{
val=digitalRead(key);//此句可省略，可让循环跑空
}
while(digitalRead(key))//当按键被按下时
{
delay(10); //延时10ms
val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val
if(val==HIGH) //第二次判断按键是否被按下
{
digitalWrite(beep,HIGH); //蜂鸣器响
while(!digitalRead(key)) //判断按键是否被松开
digitalWrite(beep,LOW); //蜂鸣器停止
}
else
digitalWrite(beep,LOW); //蜂鸣器停止
}
}
void Distance_test() // 量出前方距离
{
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); // 给触发脚低电平2μs
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH); // 给触发脚高电平10μs，这里至少是10μs
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW); // 持续给触发脚低电
float Fdistance = pulseIn(Echo, HIGH); // 读取高电平时间(单位：微秒)
Fdistance= Fdistance/58; //为什么除以58等于厘米， Y米=（X秒*344）/2
// X秒=（ 2*Y米）/344 ==》X秒=0.0058*Y米 ==》厘米=微秒/58
Serial.print("Distance:"); //输出距离（单位：厘米）
Serial.println(Fdistance); //显示距离
Distance = Fdistance;
}
void Distance_display()//显示距离
{
if((2<Distance)&(Distance<400))
{
lcd.home(); //把光标移回左上角，即从头开始输出
lcd.print(" Distance: "); //显示
lcd.setCursor(6,2); //把光标定位在第2行，第6列
lcd.print(Distance); //显示距离
lcd.print("cm"); //显示
}
else
{
lcd.home(); //把光标移回左上角，即从头开始输出
lcd.print("!!! Out of range"); //显示超出距离
}
delay(250);
lcd.clear();
}
void loop()
{
keysacn(); //调用按键扫描函数
while(1)
{
Distance_test();//测量前方距离
Distance_display();//液晶屏显示距离
if(Distance < 60)//数值为碰到障碍物的距离，可以按实际情况设置
while(Distance < 60)//再次判断是否有障碍物，若有则转动方向后，继续判断
{
right(1);//右转
brake(1);//停车
Distance_test();//测量前方距离
Distance_display();//液晶屏显示距离
}
else
run();//无障碍物，直行
}
}
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