请问arduino能实现多线程吗？

ID:703212 · 发表于 2020-3-6 00:17

如题，arduino能实现多线程吗？我想几个程序同时运行

ID:560467 · 发表于 2020-3-6 16:14

可以做类多线程

ID:687694 · 发表于 2020-3-6 17:36

操作系统了解一下。。。51都有RTX51

ID:155507 · 发表于 2020-3-6 22:40

我给你来个程序试试

// SeveralThingsAtTheSameTimeRev1.ino
// An expansion of the BlinkWithoutDelay concept to illustrate how a script
// can appear to do several things at the same time
// this sketch does the following
// it blinks the onboard LED (as in the blinkWithoutDelay sketch)
// it blinks two external LEDs (LedA and LedB) that are connected to pins 12 and 11.
// it turns another Led (buttonLed connected to pin 10) on or off whenever a button
// connected to pin 7 is pressed
// it sweeps a servo (connected to pin 5) back and forth at different speeds
// One leg of each LED should be connected to the relevant pin and the other leg should be connected to a
// resistor of 470 ohms or more and the other end of the resistor to the Arduino GND.
// If the LED doesn't light its probably connected the wrong way round.
// On my Uno and Mega the "button" is just a piece of wire inserted into pin 7.
// Touching the end of the wire with a moist finger is sufficient to cause the switching action
// Of course a proper press-on-release-off button switch could also be used!
// The Arduino is not capable of supplying enough 5v power to operate a servo
// The servo should have it's own power supply and the power supply Ground should
// be connected to the Arduino Ground.
// The sketch is written to illustrate a few different programming features.
// The use of many functions with short pieces of code.
// Short pieces of code are much easier to follow and debug
// The use of variables to record the state of something (e.g. onBoardLedState) as a means to
// enable the different functions to determine what to do.
// The use of millis() to manage the timing of activities
// The definition of all numbers used by the program at the top of the sketch where
// they can easily be found if they need to be changed
//=======
// -----LIBRARIES
#include <Servo.h>
// ----CONSTANTS (won't change)
const int onBoardLedPin = 13; // the pin numbers for the LEDs
const int led_A_Pin = 12;
const int led_B_Pin = 11;
const int buttonLed_Pin = 10;
const int buttonPin = 7; // the pin number for the button
const int servoPin = 5; // the pin number for the servo signal
const int onBoardLedInterval = 500; // number of millisecs between blinks
const int led_A_Interval = 2500;
const int led_B_Interval = 4500;
const int blinkDuration = 500; // number of millisecs that Led's are on - all three leds use this
const int buttonInterval = 300; // number of millisecs between button readings
const int servoMinDegrees = 20; // the limits to servo movement
const int servoMaxDegrees = 150;
//------- VARIABLES (will change)
byte onBoardLedState = LOW; // used to record whether the LEDs are on or off
byte led_A_State = LOW; // LOW = off
byte led_B_State = LOW;
byte buttonLed_State = LOW;
Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo
int servoPosition = 90; // the current angle of the servo - starting at 90.
int servoSlowInterval = 80; // millisecs between servo moves
int servoFastInterval = 10;
int servoInterval = servoSlowInterval; // initial millisecs between servo moves
int servoDegrees = 2; // amount servo moves at each step
// will be changed to negative value for movement in the other direction
unsigned long currentMillis = 0; // stores the value of millis() in each iteration of loop()
unsigned long previousOnBoardLedMillis = 0; // will store last time the LED was updated
unsigned long previousLed_A_Millis = 0;
unsigned long previousLed_B_Millis = 0;
unsigned long previousButtonMillis = 0; // time when button press last checked
unsigned long previousServoMillis = 0; // the time when the servo was last moved
//========
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Starting SeveralThingsAtTheSameTimeRev1.ino"); // so we know what sketch is running
// set the Led pins as output:
pinMode(onBoardLedPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led_A_Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led_B_Pin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(buttonLed_Pin, OUTPUT);
// set the button pin as input with a pullup resistor to ensure it defaults to HIGH
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
myservo.write(servoPosition); // sets the initial position
myservo.attach(servoPin);
}
//=======
void loop() {
// Notice that none of the action happens in loop() apart from reading millis()
// it just calls the functions that have the action code
currentMillis = millis(); // capture the latest value of millis()
// this is equivalent to noting the time from a clock
// use the same time for all LED flashes to keep them synchronized
readButton(); // call the functions that do the work
updateOnBoardLedState();
updateLed_A_State();
updateLed_B_State();
switchLeds();
servoSweep();
}
//========
void updateOnBoardLedState() {
if (onBoardLedState == LOW) {
// if the Led is off, we must wait for the interval to expire before turning it on
if (currentMillis - previousOnBoardLedMillis >= onBoardLedInterval) {
// time is up, so change the state to HIGH
onBoardLedState = HIGH;
// and save the time when we made the change
previousOnBoardLedMillis += onBoardLedInterval;
// NOTE: The previous line could alternatively be
// previousOnBoardLedMillis = currentMillis
// which is the style used in the BlinkWithoutDelay example sketch
// Adding on the interval is a better way to ensure that succesive periods are identical
}
}
else { // i.e. if onBoardLedState is HIGH
// if the Led is on, we must wait for the duration to expire before turning it off
if (currentMillis - previousOnBoardLedMillis >= blinkDuration) {
// time is up, so change the state to LOW
onBoardLedState = LOW;
// and save the time when we made the change
previousOnBoardLedMillis += blinkDuration;
}
}
}
//=======
void updateLed_A_State() {
if (led_A_State == LOW) {
if (currentMillis - previousLed_A_Millis >= led_A_Interval) {
led_A_State = HIGH;
previousLed_A_Millis += led_A_Interval;
}
}
else {
if (currentMillis - previousLed_A_Millis >= blinkDuration) {
led_A_State = LOW;
previousLed_A_Millis += blinkDuration;
}
}
}
//=======
void updateLed_B_State() {
if (led_B_State == LOW) {
if (currentMillis - previousLed_B_Millis >= led_B_Interval) {
led_B_State = HIGH;
previousLed_B_Millis += led_B_Interval;
}
}
else {
if (currentMillis - previousLed_B_Millis >= blinkDuration) {
led_B_State = LOW;
previousLed_B_Millis += blinkDuration;
}
}
}
//========
void switchLeds() {
// this is the code that actually switches the LEDs on and off
digitalWrite(onBoardLedPin, onBoardLedState);
digitalWrite(led_A_Pin, led_A_State);
digitalWrite(led_B_Pin, led_B_State);
digitalWrite(buttonLed_Pin, buttonLed_State);
}
//=======
void readButton() {
// this only reads the button state after the button interval has elapsed
// this avoids multiple flashes if the button bounces
// every time the button is pressed it changes buttonLed_State causing the Led to go on or off
// Notice that there is no need to synchronize this use of millis() with the flashing Leds
if (millis() - previousButtonMillis >= buttonInterval) {
if (digitalRead(buttonPin) == LOW) {
buttonLed_State = ! buttonLed_State; // this changes it to LOW if it was HIGH
// and to HIGH if it was LOW
previousButtonMillis += buttonInterval;
}
}
}
//========
void servoSweep() {
// this is similar to the servo sweep example except that it uses millis() rather than delay()
// nothing happens unless the interval has expired
// the value of currentMillis was set in loop()
if (currentMillis - previousServoMillis >= servoInterval) {
// its time for another move
previousServoMillis += servoInterval;
servoPosition = servoPosition + servoDegrees; // servoDegrees might be negative
if (servoPosition <= servoMinDegrees) {
// when the servo gets to its minimum position change the interval to change the speed
if (servoInterval == servoSlowInterval) {
servoInterval = servoFastInterval;
}
else {
servoInterval = servoSlowInterval;
}
}
if ((servoPosition >= servoMaxDegrees) || (servoPosition <= servoMinDegrees)) {
// if the servo is at either extreme change the sign of the degrees to make it move the other way
servoDegrees = - servoDegrees; // reverse direction
// and update the position to ensure it is within range
servoPosition = servoPosition + servoDegrees;
}
// make the servo move to the next position
myservo.write(servoPosition);
// and record the time when the move happened
}
}
//=====END

复制代码

ID:420836 · 发表于 2020-3-7 10:00

即使是51也可以进行多线程处理，为什么功能更强大的Arduino不能呢？

ID:401564 · 发表于 2020-3-7 13:53

多线程什么意思呢？几个程序一起运行？
如果你是说多个功能一起执行，那是可以的，比如：在发送IIC数据的同时可以输出PWM，还可以进行ADC
但这都是CPU的外设在进行的，CPU的代码一样的在一条接着一条指令的去运行的，都会按一个已经设定好的先后顺序或者是默认的顺序来一个一个指令的去完成的
只不过是执行的时间很短，感觉上就是同时在进行的一样
台湾的应广单片机就有双核心的，那就是真正的同时在进行的了，但这功能并不实用，所以，除了低端的消费品，也没有几个是用这种单片机的
Arduino的内核大多是AVR单片机

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