最近的项目用到了LCD12864液晶屏，串行无字库，此方式只占用五个I/O端口，程序比较简单，适合初学者学习。今天做了个仿真案例，愿与大家共同探讨。
仿真案例以显示48*48汉字为例，主要让使用者了解行、列的定义及使用方法，汉字取模方法等。
PCtoLCD2002汉字取模软件，可以用于液晶屏和LED屏的取模。针对液晶屏的设置为：
#include <reg52.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
uchar code hz48_48[];
/*********LCD12864液晶引脚功能定义**********/
sbit cs=P0^0; //片选使能
sbit reset=P0^1; //复位
sbit rs=P0^2; //命令/数据选择，L:命令 H:数据
sbit sid=P0^3; //串行数据输入
sbit sclk=P0^4; //时钟
void delay(uint i) /*1ms延时函数*/
{
uintj,k;
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
for(k=0;k<110;k++);
}
/*********LCD12864写指令********/
void transfer_command(uchar data1)
{
chari;
cs=0;
rs=0;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
sclk=0;
if(data1&0x80)sid=1;
elsesid=0;
sclk=1;
data1=data1<<=1;
}
}
/*********LCD12864写数据********/
void transfer_data(uchar data1)
{
chari;
cs=0;
rs=1;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
sclk=0;
if(data1&0x80)sid=1;
elsesid=0;
sclk=1;
data1=data1<<=1;
}
}
/*********LCD12864初始化*********/
void initial_lcd()
{
cs=0;
reset=0; /*低电平复位*/
delay(100);
reset=1; /*复位完毕*/
delay(20);
transfer_command(0xe2); /*软复位*/
delay(5);
transfer_command(0x2c); /*升压步聚 1*/
delay(5);
transfer_command(0x2e); /*升压步聚 2*/
delay(5);
transfer_command(0x2f); /*升压步聚 3*/
delay(5);
transfer_command(0x23); /*粗调对比度，可设置范围 0x20～0x27*/
transfer_command(0x81); /*微调对比度*/
transfer_command(0x28); /*0x1a,微调对比度的值，可设置范围 0x00～0x3f*/
transfer_command(0xa2); /*1/9 偏压比（bias）*/
transfer_command(0xc0); /*行扫描顺序：从上到下，若设为0xc8，则图文垂直镜像*/
transfer_command(0xa1); /*列扫描顺序：从右到左，若设为0xa0，则图文水平镜像*/
transfer_command(0x40); /*起始行：第一行开始*/
transfer_command(0xaf); /*开显示*/
cs=1;
}
void clear() //清屏
{
uchar i,j;
for(j=0;j<8;j++) //循环8页64行
{
transfer_command(0xb0+j); //设置页地址
transfer_command(0x10); //列地址高4位
transfer_command(0x00); //列地址低4位
for(i=0;i<128;i++) //循环128列
{transfer_data(0x00);} //清屏（清零）
}
}
void display_hz48_48(uchar page,ucharcol,uchar *dp) //定义页、列、指针
{
uchar i,j;
for(j=0;j<6;j++) //循环6页48行（本案例显示48*48汉字，即48行48列）
{
transfer_command(0xb0+page+j); //设置页地址
transfer_command(0x10+((col>>4)&0x0f)); //列地址高4位，位置跟随
transfer_command(0x00+(col&0x0f)); //列地址低4位，位置跟随
for(i=0;i<48;i++) //循环48列
{
transfer_data(*dp);
dp++;
}
}
}
void main(void) //主程序
{
initial_lcd(); //初始化
clear(); //清屏
delay(200);
display_hz48_48(1,12,hz48_48); //显示第一个字，位置坐标：第1页第12列
display_hz48_48(1,68,hz48_48+288); //显示第二个字，位置坐标：第1页第68列
while(1);
}
/*******以下为字形代码，由PCtoLCD2002提取**********/
uchar code hz48_48[][288]={
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x18,0x38,0x78,0xF8,0xF0,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xF0,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0C,
0x0C,0x0C,0x84,0x84,0x84,0x84,0xC6,0xC6,0xC6,0xC6,0xE2,0xE2,0x62,0x62,0x03,0x03,
0x03,0x03,0x63,0x73,0x3F,0x3F,0x1F,0x1F,0x1F,0x0E,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x0F,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x38,
0xF8,0xF8,0xF0,0x10,0x19,0x19,0x19,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x8C,0xFC,0xFC,0xFC,0x3C,
0x18,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,
0xC1,0xC7,0x47,0x47,0x62,0x63,0xE3,0xE3,0xE3,0xE3,0x21,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x31,
0xF0,0xF0,0xF0,0xF0,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0xC0,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x0C,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x9F,0x8C,0x8C,0x84,0x84,0x80,0x80,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x07,
0x07,0x03,0x03,0x03,0x03,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x07,0x1F,
0x1F,0x1F,0x0F,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*"富",0*/
/* (48 X 48 , 楷体, 加粗 )*/
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x03,0xFF,
0xFF,0xFF,0x3F,0x0F,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x1E,0xFE,0xFE,0xFE,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,
0x83,0xC1,0xC1,0xFB,0xFF,0x7F,0x5F,0x0F,0x07,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0xFC,0xFC,0x0C,0x0C,0x04,0x06,0x06,0x07,
0x07,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x81,0x81,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFE,0x4E,0x40,0x60,0x60,0x60,0xF0,0xF0,0xE0,0xE0,0xC0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x38,0x3E,0x3F,0x1F,0x0F,0x0C,0x04,0x06,0x0E,0xFE,0xFE,
0xFC,0x3C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0F,0x3F,0xFF,0xF1,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x20,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0x20,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x3E,0x3F,0x1F,0x17,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xF0,0xFF,0xFF,
0xFF,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xC0,0xE0,0x60,0x60,0x7F,0x3F,
0x3F,0x30,0x10,0x13,0x17,0x1E,0x7E,0xFC,0xF8,0xF0,0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x03,0x0F,0x0F,0x0F,0x07,0x03,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x07,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*"强",1*/
/* (48 X 48 , 楷体, 加粗 )*/
};
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