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花了几天时间用stm32和ov7670搞了个图像采集，这比我预想的要难很多。ov7670一百多个寄存器而且ov公司的datasheet简陋得常常让我想说一句：我去年买了个表。后来还是借鉴了网络上的一些寄存器配置，在加上苦读ov推出的资料终于还是搞出了个简陋的摸样出来。 话不多说了，给大家分享一下心得体会，以便帮助后面学习的朋友少走些弯路。 一：摄像头不比其他的传感器，有一定的难度，而且资料太过简陋，后面学习的朋友尽量买些成熟产品做开发，比如说淘宝买的开发套件。我就吃了这亏，stm32和摄像头完全从零做起，啥都没有，连上位机都准备自己写，这没必要时间成本太高了。 二：不要指望自己一个一个寄存器去配置，本来资料就简陋，有很多寄存器你看了资料未必能明白啥个意思，在网上找个配置方案（也可以借用我的配置方案）修改一些关键地方就行了。 三：注意焦距的调节，如果焦距调节不正确，可能画面模糊一片，慢慢调节一下焦距图像画面应该就出来了（前提是你已经采集到了图像） 四：注意SCCB（也就是I2C）的时序，可以借鉴我的初始化，但配置完成后用串口读取一些寄存器的值打印出来，看是否配置成功，如果这个都没有配置成功，你先别浪费时间找图像了。 五：网上能下载到的上位机，一般都会显示255的灰度图像，而ov7670是不能够输出灰度图像的，所以只能将输出格式配置成为YUV，然后人为去掉UV，将Y传给上位机显示就是灰度图像了。（注意网上下载的上位机软件可能会有一些协议，最好先弄清楚，要不然你显示肯定是显示不出来的） 六：分辨率配置 （具体配置参考代码）主要有一下几个寄存器 0x 17 HSTART 0x 18 HSTOP 0x 19 VSTRT 0x 1A VSTOP 0x 03 VREF HREF 的高电平宽度等于我们所要显示的一行 HREF = WEIGHT*2; 乘以二是因为每个像素点是有两个 HSTOP=START + HREF; 184 + 320*2 = 824; 然后在用824对784求余就是HSTOP的值（其原因，请仔细度ov7670的时序，如果懒得看，直接用就行） 七：配置为YUV格式关键寄存器配置：（引用于网络论坛，感谢他的分享） {0x12, 0x10},//QVGA YUV
{0x3a, 0x14},//使用固定UV输出
{0x3d, 0x80},//使用固定UV输出
{0x67, 0x11},//固定U值，0x11，方便测试
{0x68, 0xFF},//固定V值，0xFF，方便测试
{0x40, 0xC0},//初始配置，YUV模式，这个寄存器必须设置，否则不好使
为方便调试，都是用固定的U值和V值，
向67中写入11，向68中写入FF，出来的是XX11XXFF，说明配置成功。
要注意的就是{0x40, 0xC0}，这个必须设置成初始化值，默认配置便是YUV，不能再用RGB565的配置。顺便说一句，YUV模式为YUV 4:2:2，不是说8位里面4位Y，2位U，2位V的意思， Y/U/V都是8位数据，只是U和V是隔着Y轮流输出的，高字节的是Y，低字节为U或V，做飞思卡尔智能车一般用的OV7620就是这样，一般只用Y的数据，用来判断黑白。 八：我的程序说明，各引脚（懒得打字，请看图片吧），串口用的是STM32的UART3，还有需要注意的是我是用一个外部按键作为一帧图片的发送，每按一次发送帧的图片信号，用的是PA3。 寄存器配置 void set_Cmos7670reg(void) { WrCmos7670(0x67, 0xaa); WrCmos7670(0x68,0x55); WrCmos7670(0x3a,0x14); WrCmos7670(0x40,0xC0); WrCmos7670(0x12,0x10); WrCmos7670(0x32,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x17,0x16); WrCmos7670(0x18,0x04); WrCmos7670(0x19,0x02); WrCmos7670(0x1a,0x7b); WrCmos7670(0x03,0x06); WrCmos7670(0x0c,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x3e,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x70,0x3a); WrCmos7670(0x71, 0x35); WrCmos7670(0x72,0x11); WrCmos7670(0x73,0x00); WrCmos7670(0xa2,0x02); WrCmos7670(0x11,0x81); WrCmos7670(0x7a,0x20); WrCmos7670(0x7b,0x1c); WrCmos7670(0x7c,0x28); WrCmos7670(0x7d,0x3c); WrCmos7670(0x7e,0x55); WrCmos7670(0x7f,0x68); WrCmos7670(0x80,0x76); WrCmos7670(0x81,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x82,0x88); WrCmos7670(0x83,0x8f); WrCmos7670(0x84,0x96); WrCmos7670(0x85,0xa3); WrCmos7670(0x86,0xaf); WrCmos7670(0x87,0xc4); WrCmos7670(0x88,0xd7); WrCmos7670(0x89,0xe8); WrCmos7670(0x13,0xe0); WrCmos7670(0x00,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x10,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x0d,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x14,0x28); WrCmos7670(0xa5,0x05); WrCmos7670(0xab,0x07); WrCmos7670(0x24,0x75); WrCmos7670(0x25,0x63); WrCmos7670(0x26,0xA5); WrCmos7670(0x9f,0x78); WrCmos7670(0xa0,0x68); WrCmos7670(0xa1,0x03); WrCmos7670(0xa6,0xdf); WrCmos7670(0xa7,0xdf); WrCmos7670(0xa8,0xf0); WrCmos7670(0xa9,0x90); WrCmos7670(0xaa,0x94); WrCmos7670(0x13,0xe5); WrCmos7670(0x0e,0x61); WrCmos7670(0x0f,0x4b); WrCmos7670(0x16,0x02); WrCmos7670(0x1e,0x37); WrCmos7670(0x21,0x02); WrCmos7670(0x22,0x91); WrCmos7670(0x29,0x07); WrCmos7670(0x33,0x0b); WrCmos7670(0x35,0x0b); WrCmos7670(0x37,0x1d); WrCmos7670(0x38,0x71); WrCmos7670(0x39,0x2a); WrCmos7670(0x3c,0x78); WrCmos7670(0x4d,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x4e,0x20); WrCmos7670(0x69,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x6b,0x60); WrCmos7670(0x74,0x19); WrCmos7670(0x8d,0x4f); WrCmos7670(0x8e,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x8f,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x90,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x91,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x92,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x96,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x9a,0x80); WrCmos7670(0xb0,0x84); WrCmos7670(0xb1,0x0c); WrCmos7670(0xb2,0x0e); WrCmos7670(0xb3,0x82); WrCmos7670(0xb8,0x0a); WrCmos7670(0x43,0x14); WrCmos7670(0x44,0xf0); WrCmos7670(0x45,0x34); WrCmos7670(0x46,0x58); WrCmos7670(0x47,0x28); WrCmos7670(0x48,0x3a); WrCmos7670(0x59,0x88); WrCmos7670(0x5a,0x88); WrCmos7670(0x5b,0x44); WrCmos7670(0x5c,0x67); WrCmos7670(0x5d,0x49); WrCmos7670(0x5e,0x0e); WrCmos7670(0x64,0x04); WrCmos7670(0x65,0x20); WrCmos7670(0x66,0x05); WrCmos7670(0x94,0x04); WrCmos7670(0x95,0x08); WrCmos7670(0x6c,0x0a); WrCmos7670(0x6d,0x55); WrCmos7670(0x6e,0x11); WrCmos7670(0x6f,0x9f); WrCmos7670(0x6a,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x01,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x02,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x13,0xe7); WrCmos7670(0x15,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x4f,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x50,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x51,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x52,0x22); WrCmos7670(0x53,0x5e); WrCmos7670(0x54,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x58,0x9e); WrCmos7670(0x41,0x08); WrCmos7670(0x3f,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x75,0x05); WrCmos7670(0x76,0xe1); WrCmos7670(0x4c,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x77,0x01); WrCmos7670(0x3d,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x4b,0x09); WrCmos7670(0xc9,0x60); WrCmos7670(0x41,0x38); WrCmos7670(0x56,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x34,0x11); WrCmos7670(0x3b,0x02); WrCmos7670(0xa4,0x89); WrCmos7670(0x96,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x97,0x30); WrCmos7670(0x98,0x20); WrCmos7670(0x99,0x30); WrCmos7670(0x9a,0x84); WrCmos7670(0x9b,0x29); WrCmos7670(0x9c,0x03); WrCmos7670(0x9d,0x4c); WrCmos7670(0x9e,0x3f); WrCmos7670(0x78,0x04); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x01); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0xf0); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x0f); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x00); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x10); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x7e); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x0a); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x0b); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x01); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x0c); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x0f); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x0d); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x20); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x09); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x80); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x02); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0xc0); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x03); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x40); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x05); WrCmos7670(0xc8,0x30); WrCmos7670(0x79,0x26); WrCmos7670(0x09,0x00); } 图片采集发送 void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void) { u16 i,j,k=0; u8 t1,t2; EXTI_InitTypeDefEXTI_InitStructure; NVIC_InitTypeDefNVIC_InitStructure; EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1); Vsync_Flag++; if(Vsync_Flag==1) //FIFOD { GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_5); //FIFO_WRST=1; __asm{nop;} GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_5); //FIFO_WRST=0; delay_us(2); GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_5); //FIFO_WRST=1; GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_3); } if(Vsync_Flag==2) { GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_3); //FIFO_WR=0; //½ûÖ1êy¾YD′èëFIFO EXTI->IMR&=~(1<<4); //1رÕía2¿ÖD¶Ï EXTI->EMR&=~(1<<4); EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line= EXTI_Line1; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode= EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger= EXTI_Trigger_Falling; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd= DISABLE; EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); // NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel= TIM2_IRQn; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority= 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority= 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd= DISABLE; NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); // GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=1; GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_6); //FIFO_RRST=0; //¶áÖ¸Õë¸′λ GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=0; __asm{nop;}__asm{nop;} GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=1; __asm{nop;}__asm{nop;} GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=0; GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE, GPIO_Pin_6); //FIFO_RRST=1; __asm{nop;} delay_us(2); GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_2); //FIFO_OE=0;// __asm{nop;} USART3_Putc(0xff); //请注意：这里是发送协议信号，不是图像信号 for(i = 0; i< 9600; i++) { for(j = 0; j < 8; j ++) { GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4);//FIFO_RCK=0; __asm{nop;} GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=1; __asm{nop;} t1=(0x00ff&GPIOC->IDR); GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4);//FIFO_RCK=0; __asm{nop;} GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_4); //FIFO_RCK=1; __asm{nop;} t2=(0x00ff&GPIOC->IDR); USART3_Putc(t1); } k=0; // } GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE,GPIO_Pin_2); //FIFO_OE=1; Vsync_Flag=0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel= TIM2_IRQn; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority= 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority= 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd= ENABLE; NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); EXTI->IMR|=(1<<4); EXTI->EMR|=(1<<4); } } 最后上图才有真相，电路虽然丑点但是可以用的。
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