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分析ARM7(stm32)的启动方法

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ID:85109 发表于 2015-7-8 21:47 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
对于stm32f407有一下代码
Reset_Handler    PROC
               EXPORT Reset_Handler           [WEAK]
       IMPORT  SystemInit
       IMPORT  __main

               LDR    R0, =SystemInit
               BLX    R0
               LDR    R0, =__main

1、这是从startup_stm32f4xx.s里面获取的一段,那么从这一段我们知道是要先进行时钟的初始化,然后再进入主函数。其中时钟初始化SystemInit()在system_stm32f4xx.c当中,主函数是我们自己写的intmain()

那么问题来了
对于stm32f103有startup_stm32f10x_hd.s,startup_stm32f10x_cl.s,startup_stm32f10x_md.s之分。我用什么来比较合适呢?

[size=14.399999618530273px]整体感觉stm32给的库文件太琐碎了,正如它的芯片型号一样繁多,例如启动文件:

[size=14.399999618530273px]网上查到的各个文件的解释是:

[size=14.399999618530273px]startup_stm32f10x_cl.s 互联型的器件,STM32F105xx,STM32F107xx
startup_stm32f10x_hd.s大容量的STM32F101xx,STM32F102xx,STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_hd_vl.s 大容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_ld.s小容量的STM32F101xx,STM32F102xx,STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_ld_vl.s 小容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_md.s中容量的STM32F101xx,STM32F102xx,STM32F103xx
startup_stm32f10x_md_vl.s 中容量的STM32F100xx
startup_stm32f10x_xl.sFLASH在512K到1024K字节的STM32F101xx,STM32F102xx,STM32F103xx

[size=14.399999618530273px]固件库中的Release_Notes_for_STM32F10x_CMSIS.html写到:

[size=14.399999618530273px]STM32F10x CMSIS Startup files: startup_stm32f10x_xx.s

  • Add new startup files for STM32 Low-density Value line devices:startup_stm32f10x_ld_vl.s
  • Add new startup files for STM32 Medium-density Value line devices:startup_stm32f10x_md_vl.s
  • SystemInit() function is called from startup file(startup_stm32f10x_xx.s) before to branch to applicationmain.
    To reconfigure the default setting of SystemInit() function, referto system_stm32f10x.c file
  • GNU startup file for Low density devices (startup_stm32f10x_ld.s)is updated to fix compilation errors.那到底啥是大容量,小容量啊?又查user manual才知道


  • [size=14.399999618530273px]也就是说,例如我用STM32F103RB,那么选启动文件为startup_stm32f10x_md.s
  • 如果我用的是STM32F107VCT6,那么选启动文件为[size=14.399999618530273px]startup_stm32f10x_cl.s(互联网型)
startup_stm32f10x_md.s的启动代码的分析:
;******************** (C) COPYRIGHT 2010 STMicroelectronics********************
;* File Name : startup_stm32f10x_hd.s
;* Author : MCD Application Team
;* Version : V3.4.0
;* Date : 10/15/2010


Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400                  //定义1KB大小的栈空间

AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定义一个段,8(2的3次方)字节对齐的空间作为栈
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size                //开辟栈大小1KB,并用0填充
__initial_sp                                         //标记栈顶地址

Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200                  //定义堆大小512字节

AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3//定义堆空间,8字节对齐
__heap_base                            //堆空间基址
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size        //开辟堆空间512字节,并清0
__heap_limit                             //堆空间结束地址

PRESERVE8 //设置这个文件告诉编译器链接时堆栈是8字节对齐
THUMB //开始使用thumb指令模式


; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset复位后,中断向量表映射到地址0
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY//定义名为RESET的只读段,这个名称最好不要乱改,不分大小写,
EXPORT __Vectors //声明全局符号,表示中断向量表入口地址
EXPORT __Vectors_End //中断向量表结束地址
EXPORT __Vectors_Size //大小

__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack 栈顶地址
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler 复位中断的函数指针
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler 以上都是内核中断

; External Interrupts 第16个开始是外设的中断
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2
DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1RX0
DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger andCommutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTILine
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break
DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update
DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger andCommutation
DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare
DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ; ADC3
DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ; FSMC
DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO
DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5
DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3
DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4
DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5
DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ; TIM6
DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7
DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1
DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2
DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3
DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 &Channel5
__Vectors_End ;以上即中断函数指针数组

__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors;计算中断向量表长度

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ;定义只读代码段

; Reset handler ;复位中断服务的入口
Reset_Handler PROC ;PROC_ENDP是一个函数的开始与结束标记
EXPORT Reset_Handler[WEAK];声明复位中断向量为全局的,可供外部调用,WEAK标记本代码是备用编译
IMPORT __main;导入c库中的main标号,这个是c库中的内容,不是我们自己写的那个main函数
IMPORT SystemInit ;导入SystemInit
LDR R0, =SystemInit
BLX R0 ;跳到SystemInit
LDR R0, =__main;装载链接器添加的_mian代码,用来进行flash到ram的存储器映射与数据段拷贝并清0
BX R0 ;它还执行了lib_init等c库的初始化工作,完了之后再进入用户的mian函数
ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can bemodified)

NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .;weak标记说明,如果使用这个备用的函数(外部文件中没有NMI_Handler),这里的B指令用nop替换,
ENDP ;也就是说让编译器忽略,外部找不到任何NMI_Handler函数时的警告或错误
HardFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler
ADC1_2_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
ADC3_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler
B .

ENDP

ALIGN

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
IF :DEF:__MICROLIB ;判断是否定义了这个宏

EXPORT __initial_sp ;是的话定义为全局属性
EXPORT __heap_base
EXPORT __heap_limit

ELSE

IMPORT __use_two_region_memory ;使用2个存储区?
EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap ;用户堆栈初始化入口

__user_initial_stackheap

LDR R0, = Heap_Mem ;堆栈初始化
LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size)
LDR R3, = Stack_Mem
BX LR

ALIGN ;填充字节使地址对齐

ENDIF

END ;结束汇编文件

;******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2010 STMicroelectronics *****ENDOF FILE*****



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