基于单片机的自行车里程表设计（有原理图 仿真电路 源程序 pcb） - 单片机DIY制作 (51hei.com)
上面帖子上的这段程序没看懂，有人可以帮忙讲解下吗，尤其是下面两句，速度和里程是怎么计算的呢，速度除以40 的意思是？
count参数是500ms产生的脉冲数，是这个意思吗，希望帮忙解释下，谢谢或者有别的里程速度计算公式可以用在这个程序中实现功能的吗?
Mileage=Mileage+10*(Velocity/3.6)/2; //里程m=里程+速度km/h/3.6/2
Velocity=count *2*3.14*RADIUS /100000*2*3600 /40;//将500ms的距离经过运算得到km/h，将速度/100，方便显示
完整程序如下：
#include<reg52.h> #define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int #include "Data.h" #include "DS1302.h" #include "AT24C02.h" sbit COUNT_IN=P3^2; //定义1602相关管脚 sbit rs=P1^4; //寄存器选择位 sbit en=P1^0; //使能信号位 //键盘定义 sbit K1=P3^4; //设置时间 sbit K3=P3^6; //减按键 sbit K2=P3^5; //加按键 sbit K4=P3^7; //设置半径安全距离 sbit BEEP=P3^0; uint count; unsigned long Velocity,Mileage; uchar code tab1[]={" / / : "}; uchar code tab2[]={" 0.000km 00km/h"}; uchar code tab3[]={"Wheel Radius cm"}; uchar code tab4[]={"Safe Speed km/h"}; uchar code tab5[]={"Sec : "}; uchar Mode=0; uchar bike_set=0; uchar a; char RADIUS,SAFE_SPEED; bit LED_SEC; uchar before_sec; uchar code num[]={ 0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//1 0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x1f,0x10,0x10,0x1f,0x00,//2 0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x1f,0x00,//3 0x11,0x11,0x11,0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//4 0x1f,0x10,0x10,0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x1f,0x00,//5 0x1f,0x10,0x10,0x1f,0x11,0x11,0x1f,0x00,//6 0x1f,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//7 //自定义字符 }; void READS(); void SETS(); void delay(uint x) { uint i,j; for(i=0;i<x;i++) for(j=0;j<110;j++);//延时 } void init() { IT0=1; //INT0负跳变触发 TMOD=0x01;//定时器工作于方式1 TH0=0x3c; //50ms TL0=0xb0; EA=1; //CPU开中断总允许 ET0=1;//开定时中断 EX0=1;//开外部INTO中断 TR0=1;//启动定时 } /********液晶写入指令函数与写入数据函数，以后可调用**************/ void write_1602com(uchar com)//****液晶写入指令函数**** { rs=0;//数据/指令置为指令 P0=com;//送入数据 delay(1); en=1;//拉高使能端，为制造有效的下降沿做准备 delay(1); en=0;//en由高变低，产生下降沿，液晶执行命令 } void write_1602dat(uchar dat)//***液晶写入数据函数**** { rs=1;//数据/指令置为数据 P0=dat;//送入数据 delay(1); en=1; //en置高电平，为制造下降沿做准备 delay(1); en=0; //en由高变低，产生下降沿，液晶执行命令 } void Lcd_ram() //自定义字符集 { uint i,j,k=0,temp=0x40; for(i=0;i<7;i++) { for(j=0;j<8;j++) { write_1602com(temp+j); //写地址 write_1602dat(num[k]); //写数据 k++; } temp=temp+8; } } void lcd_init()//***液晶初始化函数**** { Lcd_ram(); write_1602com(0x38);//设置液晶工作模式，意思：16*2行显示，5*7点阵，8位数据 write_1602com(0x0c);//开显示不显示光标 write_1602com(0x06);//整屏不移动，光标自动右移 write_1602com(0x01);//清显示 write_1602com(0x80);//显示固定符号从第一行第1个位置之后开始显示 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab1[a]);//向液晶屏写固定符号部分 } write_1602com(0x80+0x40);//显示固定符号写入位置，从第2个位置后开始显示 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab2[a]);//写显示固定符号 } } void display() { // 1km/h=100m/0.1h 360s // 10km/h=100m/0.01h 36s // 100km/h=100m/0.001h 3.6s if(Mode==0&&bike_set==0) { //读时间 Ds1302_Read_Time(); //显示时间 write_1602com(0x80); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]%10); write_1602com(0x80+3); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]%10); write_1602com(0x80+6); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]%10); write_1602com(0x80+9); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]%10); write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]%10); write_1602com(0x80+15); write_1602dat(time_buf1[7]-1); if(before_sec!=time_buf1[6]) { before_sec=time_buf1[6]; write_1602com(0x80+11); write_1602dat(':'); LED_SEC=1; } if(LED_SEC==0) { write_1602com(0x80+11); write_1602dat(' '); } write_1602com(0x80+0x40); if(Mileage/1000000==0) write_1602dat(' '); else write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage/1000000);//数字+0x30得到该数字LCD显示码 if(Mileage%1000000/100000==0) write_1602dat(' '); else write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage%1000000/100000);//数字+0x30得到该数字LCD显示码 write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage%1000000%100000/10000); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+4); write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage%1000000%100000%10000/1000); write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage%1000000%100000%10000%1000/100); write_1602dat(0x30+Mileage%1000000%100000%10000%1000%100/10); SETS(); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+10); write_1602dat(0x30+Velocity/10); write_1602dat(0x30+Velocity%10);//数字+30得到该数字的LCD1602显示码 } else if(Mode!=0) { switch(Mode) { case 1: write_1602com(0x80+0x40);//显示固定符号写入位置 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab5[a]);//写显示固定符号 } write_1602com(0x80+0x40+14); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]%10); write_1602com(0x0F); //打开闪烁 write_1602com(0x80+1); break; case 2: write_1602com(0x80+4); break; case 3: write_1602com(0x80+7); break; case 4: write_1602com(0x80+10); break; case 5: write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 6: write_1602com(0x80+0x40+15); break; case 7: write_1602com(0x80+15); break; case 8: write_1602com(0x0c); write_1602com(0x80);//显示固定符号第1行第1个位置后显示 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab1[a]);//向液晶屏写固定符号部分 } write_1602com(0x80+0x40);//显示固定符号写入位置，从第2个位置后开始显示 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab2[a]);//写显示固定符号 } break; } } else if(bike_set!=0) { switch(bike_set) { case 1: write_1602com(0x80);//显示固定符号写入位置 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab3[a]);//写显示固定符号 } write_1602com(0x80+0x40);//显示固定符号写入位置 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab4[a]);//写显示固定符号 } write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS/10); //车轮半径 write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS%10); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+10); write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED/10); //安全速度 write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED%10); write_1602com(0x0F); //打开闪烁 write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 2: write_1602com(0x80+0x40+11); break; case 3: write_1602com(0x0c); write_1602com(0x80);/ for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab1[a]);//向液晶屏写固定符号部分 } write_1602com(0x80+0x40);//从第2个位置后显示 for(a=0;a<16;a++) { write_1602dat(tab2[a]);//写显示固定符号 } break; } } } void KEY() { if(bike_set==0&&K1==0) { delay(20); if(bike_set==0&&K1==0) { BEEP=0; delay(50); BEEP=1; Mode++; display(); if(Mode>=8) { Mode=0; Ds1302_Write_Time(); } } while(bike_set==0&&K1==0); } if(K4==0&&Mode==0) { delay(20); if(K4==0&&Mode==0) { BEEP=0; delay(50); BEEP=1; bike_set++; display(); if(bike_set>=3) { bike_set=0; SETS(); } } while(Mode==0&&K4==0); } //+ if(K2==0&&(Mode!=0||bike_set!=0)) { delay(20); //调时 if(K2==0&&(Mode!=0||bike_set!=0)) { BEEP=0; delay(50); BEEP=1; switch(Mode) { case 1: time_buf1[1]++; if(time_buf1[1]>=100) time_buf1[1]=0; write_1602com(0x80); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]%10); write_1602com(0x80+1); break; case 2: time_buf1[2]++; if(time_buf1[2]>=13) time_buf1[2]=1; write_1602com(0x80+3); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]%10); write_1602com(0x80+4); break; case 3: time_buf1[3]++; if(time_buf1[3]>=YDay(time_buf1[1],time_buf1[2])+1) time_buf1[3]=1; write_1602com(0x80+6); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]%10); write_1602com(0x80+7); break; case 4: time_buf1[4]++; if(time_buf1[4]>=24) time_buf1[4]=0; write_1602com(0x80+9); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]%10); write_1602com(0x80+10); break; case 5: time_buf1[5]++; if(time_buf1[5]>=60) time_buf1[5]=0; write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]%10); write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 6: time_buf1[6]++; if(time_buf1[6]>=60) time_buf1[6]=0; write_1602com(0x80+0x40+14); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]%10); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+15); break; case 7: time_buf1[7]++; if(time_buf1[7]>=8) time_buf1[7]=1; write_1602com(0x80+15); write_1602dat(time_buf1[7]-1); write_1602com(0x80+15); break; } switch(bike_set) { case 1: RADIUS++; if(RADIUS>=71) RADIUS=0; write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS/10); write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS%10); write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 2: SAFE_SPEED++; if(SAFE_SPEED>=100) SAFE_SPEED=0; write_1602com(0x80+0x40+10); write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED/10); write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED%10); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+11); break; } } while(K2==0); } if(K3==0&&(Mode!=0||bike_set!=0)) { delay(20); //调时 if(K3==0&&(Mode!=0||bike_set!=0)) { BEEP=0; delay(50); BEEP=1; switch(Mode) { case 1: time_buf1[1]--; if(time_buf1[1]<0) time_buf1[1]=99; write_1602com(0x80); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[1]%10); write_1602com(0x80+1); break; case 2: time_buf1[2]--; if(time_buf1[2]<=0) time_buf1[2]=12; write_1602com(0x80+3); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[2]%10); write_1602com(0x80+4); break; case 3: time_buf1[3]--; if(time_buf1[3]<=0) time_buf1[3]=YDay(time_buf1[1],time_buf1[2]); write_1602com(0x80+6); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[3]%10); write_1602com(0x80+7); break; case 4: time_buf1[4]--; if(time_buf1[4]<0) time_buf1[4]=23; write_1602com(0x80+9); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[4]%10); write_1602com(0x80+10); break; case 5: time_buf1[5]--; if(time_buf1[5]<0) time_buf1[5]=59; write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[5]%10); write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 6: time_buf1[6]--; if(time_buf1[6]<0) time_buf1[6]=59; write_1602com(0x80+0x40+14); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]/10); write_1602dat(0x30+time_buf1[6]%10); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+15); break; case 7: time_buf1[7]--; if(time_buf1[7]<1) time_buf1[7]=7; write_1602com(0x80+15); write_1602dat(time_buf1[7]-1); write_1602com(0x80+15); break; } switch(bike_set) { case 1: RADIUS--; if(RADIUS<0) RADIUS=70; write_1602com(0x80+12); write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS/10); write_1602dat(0x30+RADIUS%10); write_1602com(0x80+13); break; case 2: SAFE_SPEED--; if(SAFE_SPEED<0) SAFE_SPEED=99; write_1602com(0x80+0x40+10); write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED/10); write_1602dat(0x30+SAFE_SPEED%10); write_1602com(0x80+0x40+11); break; } } while(K3==0); } if(K2==0&&K3==0&&Mode==0&bike_set==0) { BEEP=0; delay(100); BEEP=1; delay(100); BEEP=0; delay(100); BEEP=1; delay(100); Mileage=0; SETS(); while(K2==0&&K3==0); } } void BJ_SAFE() { if(Velocity>SAFE_SPEED) { BEEP=0; } else { BEEP=1; } } void main() { //初始化 Ds1302_Init(); lcd_init(); initeeprom(); //读取初始参数 READS(); //定时器初始化 // InitTimer0(); init(); lcd_init(); before_sec=time_buf1[6]; while(1) { if(Mode==0&&bike_set==0) { display(); BJ_SAFE(); } KEY(); } void EXINT0() interrupt 0 { count++; } void time0() interrupt 1 { uchar m,n; TH0=0x3c; TL0=0xb0; //50ms m++; if(LED_SEC==1) { n++; if(n>=10) { n=0; LED_SEC=0; } } if(m>=10) { m=0; Mileage=Mileage+10*(Velocity/3.6)/2; //里程m=里程+速度km/h/3.6/2 Velocity=count *2*3.14*RADIUS /100000*2*3600 /40;//将500ms的距离经过运算得到km/h，将速度/100，方便显示 count=0; } } //读初值 void READS() { uchar Mileage_H,Mileage_M,Mileage_L; delay(10); RADIUS=read_add(0x01); delay(10); SAFE_SPEED=read_add(0x02);
delay(10); Mileage_H=read_add(0x03); delay(10); Mileage_M=read_add(0x04); delay(10); Mileage_L=read_add(0x05); Mileage=Mileage_H*100000+Mileage_M*1000+Mileage_L*10; } //写初值 void SETS() { delay(10); write_add(0x01,RADIUS); delay(10); write_add(0x02,SAFE_SPEED); /* Mileage_H=Mileage/10000; //123.4560 Mileage_M=Mileage%10000/100; Mileage_L=Mileage%10000%100; */ delay(10); write_add(0x03,Mileage/100000); delay(10); write_add(0x04,Mileage%100000/1000); delay(10); write_add(0x05,Mileage%100000%1000/10);
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