一个非常不错的汇编语言写的单片机八路抢答器proteus仿真.下面是原理图
所有资料下载：
八位抢答器.zip
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下面是部分源码预览：
- OK EQU 20H ;抢答开始标志位
- RING EQU 22H ;响铃标志位
- DATA0 EQU 36H ;抢答按键口数据存放地址
- ORG 0000H
- AJMP MAIN
- ORG 0003H
- AJMP INTT0
- ORG 000BH
- AJMP T0INT
- ORG 001BH
- AJMP T1INT
- ORG 0040H
- MAIN: MOV R1,#14H ;初设抢答时间为20s
- MOV R2,#1EH ;初设答题时间为30s
- MOV 38H,#3CH ;启用锦囊时间从60s倒计时
- MOV TMOD,#11H ;设置未定时器/模式1
- MOV TH0,#0F0H
- MOV TL0,#0FFH ;越高发声频率越高,越尖
- MOV TH1,#3CH
- MOV TL1,#0B0H ;50ms为一次溢出中断
- SETB EA
- SETB ET0
- SETB ET1 ;允许二个中断,T0/T1
- CLR OK
- CLR RING
- SETB TR1
- SETB TR0 ;一开始就运行定时器,以开始显示FFF.如果想重新计数,重置TH1/TL1就可以了
- START: MOV DATA0,#0FFH ;初始化
- MOV R5,#0BH
- MOV R4,#0BH
- MOV R3,#0BH
- ACALL DISPLAY ;未开始抢答时候显示FFF
- JNB P3.3,SELSUB0
- JNB P3.4,TZ3 ;倒计时调整
- JB P3.0,NEXT
- ACALL DELAY
- JB P3.0,NEXT ;去抖动,如果"开始键"按下就向下执行,否者跳到非法抢答查询
- SETB EX0 ;开放INT0
- ACALL BARK ;按键发声
- MOV A,R1
- MOV R6,A ;送R1->R6,因为R1中保存了抢答时间
- SETB OK ;抢答标志位,在使用锦囊时用作判断是抢答倒计时还是回答倒计时
- MOV R3,#0AH ;抢答只显示计时,灭号数
- AJMP COUNT ;进入倒计时程序,"查询有效抢答的程序"在COUNT里面
- NEXT: JNB P1.0,FALSE1
- JNB P1.1,FALSE2
- JNB P1.2,FALSE3
- JNB P1.3,FALSE4
- JNB P1.4,FALSE5
- JNB P1.5,FALSE6
- JNB P1.6,TZ1
- JNB P1.7,TZ2
- AJMP START
- TZ1: AJMP FALSE7
- TZ2: AJMP FALSE8
- TZ3: AJMP SELSUB1
- FALSE1: MOV R3,#01H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE2: MOV R3,#02H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE3: MOV R3,#03H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE4: MOV R3,#04H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE5: MOV R3,#05H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE6: MOV R3,#06H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE7: MOV R3,#07H
- AJMP ERROR
- FALSE8: MOV R3,#08H
- AJMP ERROR
- SELSUB0: MOV A,R1
- MOV B,#0AH
- DIV AB
- MOV R5,A
- MOV R4,B
- MOV R3,#0AH
- ACALL DISPLAY ;先在两个时间LED上显示R1
- JNB P3.5,INC0 ;P3.5为+1s键,如按下跳到INCO
- JNB P3.6,DEC0 ;P3.6为-1s键,如按下跳到DECO
- JNB P3.1,BACK0 ;P3.1为确定键,如按下跳到BACKO
- AJMP SELSUB0
- INC0: MOV A,R1
- CJNE A,#63H,ADD0 ;如果不是99,R2加1,如果加到99,R1就置0，重新加起。
- MOV R1,#00H
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB0
- ADD0: INC R1
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB0
- DEC0: MOV A,R1
- JZ SETR1 ;如果R1为0, R1就置99，
- DEC R1
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB0
- SETR1: MOV R1,#63H
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB0
- BACK0: AJMP START
- SELSUB1: MOV A,R2
- MOV B,#0AH
- DIV AB
- MOV R5,A
- MOV R4,B
- MOV R3,#0AH
- ACALL DISPLAY
- JNB P3.5,INC1
- JNB P3.6,DEC1
- JNB P3.1,BACK1
- AJMP SELSUB1
- INC1: MOV A,R2
- CJNE A,#63H,ADD1
- MOV R2,#00H
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB1
- ADD1: INC R2
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB1
- DEC1: MOV A,R2
- JZ SETR2
- DEC R2
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB1
- SETR2: MOV R2,#63H
- ACALL DELAY1
- AJMP SELSUB1
- BACK1: AJMP START
- REPEAT:MOV A,38h ;使用锦囊时重新计时
- MOV R6,A
- CLR RING ;当倒计时进入最后5秒的时候，启用锦囊能消除蜂鸣
- COUNT:MOV R0,#00H ;重置定时器中断次数
- MOV TH1,#3CH
- MOV TL1,#0B0H ;重置定时器
- RECOUNT:MOV A,R6 ;R6保存了倒计时的时间，之前先将抢答时间或回答时间给R6
- MOV B,#0AH
- DIV AB ;除十分出个位/十位
- MOV 30H,A ;十位存于(30H)
- MOV 31H,B ;个位存于(31H)
- MOV R5,30H ;取十位
- MOV R4,31H ;取个位
- MOV A,R6
- SUBB A,#07H
- JNC LARGER ;大于5s跳到LARGER，小于等于5s会提醒
- MOV A,R0
- CJNE A,#0AH,FULL ;1s中0.5s向下运行
- CLR RING
- AJMP CHECK
- FULL: CJNE A,#14H,CHECK ;下面是1s的情况，响并显示号数并清R0，重新计
- SETB RING
- MOV A,R6
- JZ QUIT ;计时完毕
- MOV R0,#00H
- DEC R6 ;一秒标志减1
- AJMP CHECK
- LARGER: MOV A,R0
- CJNE A,#14H,CHECK ;如果1s向下运行，否者跳到"停/显示"
- DEC R6 ;计时一秒R6自动减1
- MOV R0,#00H
- CHECK: JNB P3.1,QUIT ;如按下停止键退出
- JNB OK,CHECKK ;只在回答倒计时才有效
- AJMP NEXTT
- CHECKK:JNB P3.0,REPEAT ;判断是否使用锦囊
- NEXTT: ACALL DISPLAY
- JB OK,ACCOUT;如果是抢答倒计时，如是则查询抢答，否者跳过查询继续倒数(这里起到锁抢答作用)
- AJMP RECOUNT
- ACCOUT:MOV A,DATA0
- JNB ACC.0,TRUE1
- JNB ACC.1,TRUE2
- JNB ACC.2,TRUE3
- JNB ACC.3,TRUE4
- JNB ACC.4,TRUE5
- JNB ACC.5,TRUE6
- JNB ACC.6,TZ7
- JNB ACC.7,TZ8
- AJMP RECOUNT
- TZ7: AJMP TRUE7
- TZ8: AJMP TRUE8
- QUIT: CLR OK ;如果按下了"停止键"执行的程序
- CLR RING
- AJMP START
- TRUE1: ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A ;抢答时间R2送R6
- MOV R3,#01H
- CLR OK ;因为答题的计时不再查询抢答，所以就锁了抢答
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE2:ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#02H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE3:ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#03H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE4:ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#04H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE5: ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#05H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE6: ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#06H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE7: ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#07H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- TRUE8: ACALL BARK
- MOV A,R2
- MOV R6,A
- MOV R3,#08H
- CLR OK
- AJMP COUNT
- ERROR: MOV R0,#00H
- MOV TH1,#3CH
- MOV TL1,#0B0H
- MOV 34H,R3 ;犯规号数暂存与(34H)
- HERE: MOV A,R0
- CJNE A,#06H,FLASH ;0.3s向下运行->灭并停响
- CLR RING
- MOV R3,#0AH
- MOV R4,#0AH
- MOV R5,#0AH ;三灯全灭
- AJMP CHECK1
- FLASH: CJNE A,#0CH,CHECK1 ;下面是0.8s的情况，响并显示号数并清R0，重新计
- SETB RING
- MOV R0,#00H
- MOV R3,34H ;取回号数
- MOV R5,#0BH
- MOV R4,#0BH ;显示FF和号数
- AJMP CHECK1
- CHECK1: JNB P3.1,QUIT1
- ACALL DISPLAY
- AJMP HERE
- QUIT1: CLR RING
- CLR OK
- AJMP START
- DISPLAY:MOV DPTR,#DAT1 ;查表显示程序，利用P0口做段选码口输出/P2低三位做位选码输出
- MOV A,R3
- MOVC A,@A+DPTR
- MOV P2,#0feH
- MOV P0,A
- ACALL DELAY
- MOV DPTR,#DAT2
- MOV A,R5
- MOVC A,@A+DPTR
- MOV P2,#0fdH
- MOV P0,A
- ACALL DELAY
- MOV A,R4
- MOVC A,@A+DPTR
- MOV P2,#0fbH
- MOV P0,A
- ACALL DELAY
- RET
- DAT1:DB 00h,06h,5bh,4fh,66h,6dh,7dh,07h,7fh,6fh,00H,71H
- ;"灭","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","灭","F"
- DAT2:DB 3fh,06h,5bh,4fh,66h,6dh,7dh,07h,7fh,6fh,00H,71H
- ;第一个为零,其他与上相同,因为十位如果为零显示熄灭
- DELAY1: MOV 35H,#08H
- LOOP0: ACALL DISPLAY
- DJNZ 35H,LOOP0
- RET
- DELAY: MOV 32H,#12H
- LOOP: MOV 33H,#0AFH
- LOOP1: DJNZ 33H,LOOP1
- DJNZ 32H,LOOP
- RET
- BARK: SETB RING
- ACALL DELAY1
- ACALL DELAY1
- CLR RING ;按键发声
- RET
- T0INT: MOV TH0,#0ECH
- MOV TL0,#0FFH
- JNB RING,OUT;
- CPL P3.7 ;RING标志位为1时候P3.7口不断取反使喇叭发出一定频率的声音
- OUT: RETI
- T1INT: MOV TH1,#3CH
- MOV TL1,#0B0H
- INC R0
- RETI
- INTT0: MOV DATA0,P1
- CLR EX0
- RETI
- END
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